Georgia Colonization Study Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key terms, people, and events from the Georgia Colonization unit.

Charter of 1732

The document that granted the colony of Georgia to the 21 trustees.

Philanthropy (Charter of 1732)

One of the three reasons for Georgia's establishment, aiming to provide a fresh start for the poor and unemployed.

Economics (Charter of 1732)

One of the three reasons for Georgia's charter, guided by mercantilism to generate wealth for England.

Defense (Charter of 1732)

One of the three reasons for Georgia's charter, designed to act as a buffer colony between Spanish Florida and English South Carolina.

Mercantilism

An economic system where a country exported more than it imported in order to generate wealth for the colonial power.

Trustee Restrictions

Rules stating trustees could not own land, receive a salary for their work, hold public office, or profit as a result of their position.

King George II

Monarch who signed the Charter of 1732, believed Georgia would make money for England, and after whom the colony was named.

James Oglethorpe

Member of British Parliament who wanted to establish a colony for debtors, considered the founder and first "governor" of Georgia, and 1 of 21 trustees.

Tomochichi

Creek Indian chief who granted land to Oglethorpe at Yamacraw Bluff for Savannah and advised him on American Indian and Spanish affairs.

Mary Musgrove

Half Creek and half English owner of a trading post who served as the official translator between Oglethorpe and Tomochichi.

Samuel Nunes

Jewish doctor who arrived with Portuguese Jewish settlers and was allowed into Georgia by Oglethorpe to help when colonial doctors died from disease.

Highland Scots

Group recruited by Oglethorpe to serve as a military defense militia to protect Georgia as a buffer colony; established the city of Darien.

Salzburgers

Group of German/Austrian Protestant immigrants seeking religious freedom who came to establish a silk industry and founded the cities of Ebenezer and New Ebenezer.

Malcontents

Group of colonists who paid for their own passage, complained about strict rules during the Trustee Period, and petitioned for slavery, liquor, land sales, and Native American trade.

Yamacraw Bluff

The location next to the Savannah River where the city of Savannah was established.

Battle of Bloody Marsh

Skirmish on St. Simons Island where Oglethorpe defeated Spanish forces, boosting military confidence and ending the Spanish threat in the region.

Trustee Period

Era in Georgia governed by 21 trustees characterized by strict rules, economic hardships, equality between members, and success as a buffer colony.

Royal Period

Era in Georgia governed by a governor appointed by the King, featuring loosened rules, increased economic activity, and the ability to buy and inherit land.

John Reynolds

The first Royal governor of Georgia, who was considered not very successful as a governor.

Henry Ellis

The second Royal governor of Georgia who maintained a good relationship with the legislature and Native Americans, promoting a period of stability.

James Wright

The third and most successful Royal governor of Georgia who was popular, served for 16 years, and remained loyal to the King.

W.R.I.S.T. Crops

Acronym for the primary crops tested in Georgia: Wine, Rice, Indigo, Silk, and Tobacco.

Charter of 1732 Crops

The specific crops explicitly mentioned in the Charter of 1732: Silk, Rice, and Indigo.

Cash Crops

Agricultural crops that are sold for money, which were exported in large quantities after the introduction of slavery to make Georgia profitable.

Colonial Assembly

Representative legislature during the Royal Period where male landowners with 50+ acres could vote, 500+ acres could hold political office, and laws could be vetoed by the King or Governor.