SAP Sales and Distribution (SD) and Financial Accounting (FI)

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering terminology, structures, and concepts across SAP Sales and Distribution (SD) and Financial Accounting (FI) modules.

Business Partner (BP)

An organization (firm, branch office), person, or group of persons or organizations in which your company has a business interest.

Client

The highest level in the SAP system representing a group of companies (Corporate Group).

Company Code

The smallest organizational unit under the Client for which a complete, self-contained set of accounts for legal external reporting can be maintained.

Sales Organization

An organizational unit responsible for the sale and distribution of goods and services, representing the selling unit as a legal entity.

Distribution Channel

The means or strategies by which products and services are marketed and reach the customer, such as wholesale, retail, or Internet sales.

Division

An organizational unit in Sales and Distribution that represents a product line or group of products.

Sales Area

An organizational structure composed of a combination of a Sales Organization, a Distribution Channel, and a Division.

Distribution Chain

A combination of a sales organization and a distribution channel that serves a logistical purpose and influences pricing and shipping.

Customer Material Info Record

Master data that stores information about a specific material for a specific customer, such as a customer-specific material name or number.

Incoterms

Internationally recognized commercial delivery rules published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) that define buyer and seller obligations.

Sales Inquiry

A customer's request to be provided with a quotation or sales information without obligation.

Sales Quotation

A legally binding offer to a customer for delivering a product or providing a service under fixed conditions within a specified time period.

Document Header

The component of a sales document that contains data valid for the entire document.

Document Items

The component of a sales document that reflects the data of the individual goods or services listed in the document.

Schedule Lines

Levels within a sales order line item that contain delivery dates and delivery quantities.

Shipping Point

The responsible organizational unit for creating deliveries and triggering shipping activities.

Pricing Procedure

A list of pricing elements and condition types arranged in a specific sequence to calculate the final price in a business transaction.

Access Sequence

A search strategy used by the SAP system to locate valid condition records for a specific condition type.

Document Flow

An audit trail tool in SAP that tracks the entire sales transaction process chronologically from beginning to end.

Financial Accounting (FI)

A core SAP module that manages an organization's financial transactions, ledger maintenance, balance sheets, and profit & loss reporting.

Operative Chart of Accounts

A mandatory chart of accounts containing G/L accounts used for daily postings in a company code, shared by Financial Accounting and Controlling.

Group Chart of Accounts

An optional chart of accounts structured to satisfy requirements for consolidated financial statements across multiple company codes.

Country-Specific Chart of Accounts

An optional chart of accounts structured to meet the legal reporting requirements of a specific country.

General Ledger (G/L) Account

An account used to provide a record of all business transactions within an SAP Financial Accounting system.

Reconciliation Account

A G/L account that connects the General Ledger with subledgers and cannot be posted to directly by manual postings.

Field Status Variant

An SAP tool that groups together several field status groups and assigns them to company codes to control document field attributes.

Field Status Group

A setting assigned to G/L accounts that defines field rules (suppress, optional, required, display) during transaction entry.

Posting Key

A two-digit key controlling line item entry in financial transactions, specifying the account type, debit/credit status, and screen layout.

Special G/L Transactions

Special transactions in AR and AP recorded in alternative reconciliation accounts instead of standard customer or vendor reconciliation accounts.

Sort Key

A master data field setting that automatically populates the assignment field in transaction line items based on specific criteria.

Asset Class

A grouping of similar fixed assets that share identical control characteristics, such as account determination, screen layout, and number ranges.

Cost Center

An organizational unit within a controlling area that represents a clearly delimitable location where costs are incurred.

Financial Statement Version

A hierarchical structure of G/L accounts used to generate and print external financial reports such as balance sheets and profit & loss statements.