Chapter 16 | pH and Buffers

Buffer

Any solution that maintains an approximately constant pH despite small additions of acid and base

Buffered solutions

Can be made from:

• Weak acid & its conjugate base (strong base) or

• Weak base and strong acid

Ratio has to be close to 1:1

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Strong acid & base titrations

Weak acid - strong base titration

Strong acid - weak base titration

Common ion effect

Adding a compound with an ion that's already in a solution reduces the solubility of another compound in that solution