Macromolecules - Unit 1: Chemical Basis of Life & Macromolecules

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9 Terms

1
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Carbohydrate

Monosaccharide; energy & structure; C:H:O 1:2:1; ex: starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin.

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Lipid

Glycerol + fatty acids; energy storage, membranes, signaling; ex: triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids.

3
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Protein

Amino acids; structure, enzymes, transport; 1°,2°,3°,4° structure; denaturation affects function.

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Nucleic acid

Nucleotides; stores genetic info; DNA vs RNA.

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Amino acid

Monomer of proteins.

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Enzyme

Protein that speeds reactions.

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Phospholipid

Glycerol + 2 fatty acids + phosphate; hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail.

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Denaturation

Loss of protein structure & function.

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Nucleotide

Pentose sugar + phosphate + nitrogen base.