Unit 5: Gases

Gases Characteristics

No attraction between particles and move in all directions

Gases Shape and Volume

Shape of surrounding and volume of surroundings

Kinetic Molecular Theory

All matter consists of many particles and is constantly moving or in a continual state of motion

Gases for KTM

Have no volume, collisions are elastic and they are not attracted to each other

Vibrational Motion

All particles vibrate

Rotational Motion

Liquid and Gas particles rotate and change position

Translational Motion

Gas particles an freely move in random motion

Solid to Liquid

Melting

Liquid to Solid

Freezing

Gas to Liquid

Condensation

Liquid to Gas

Evaporation

Solid to Gas

Sublimation

Gas to Solid

Deposition

Expansion example

An internal combustion engine which expands gas in a container to push a piston down

Fluidity example

Aerospace engineers look at the fluidity if air and how it flows over a surface to build planes and rocket ships

Compressibility example

Pneumatics is the use of compressed gas to transmit force and perform work for example a dentist drill

Diffusion example

The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration for example perfume spreading through a store

Atmospheric Pressure

Force per unit area is exerted on all objects by the air and it changes regularly due to density and altitude

STP

Standard temperature and pressure

SATP

Standard ambient temperature and pressure

Celcius scale developer

Anders Celcius

How celcius works

Height of mercury in boiling water and ice

Kelvin scale developer

Lord Kelvin

How kelvin works

What the temperature would be when the volume is 0

Charles Law

As temperature increases, volume also increases

Boyles Law

As volume increases, pressure decreases

Gay-Lussac Law

As temperature increases, pressure decreases

Law of Combining Volumes (Avogadros Law)

Equal volumes of all gasses at the same temperature and the same pressure have the same moles

STP Volume

22.4 L

SATP Volume

24.8L