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allusion
a direct or indirect reference contained in a work that is presumably commonly known, such as an event, a book, myth, place, or work of art -- historical, literary, religious, or mythical
analogy
a comparison between two different things in order to highlight some point of similarity -- often used as a form of reasoning in which one thing is compared/contrasted with another -- like an argument
anecdote
a story told by author to illustrate a point
connotation
images rather than literal meaning -- figurative language, may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes
colloquialism
slang or informality in speech or writing
denotation
the literal definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color
dialogue
conversation between 2 or more people
diction
the author's choice of words that creates tone, attitude, style, and meaning -- formal, informal, ornate, or plain
imagery
effect of sensory images in literature
juxtaposition
placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side by side, especially for comparison and contrast
parallelism
the repetition of similar or equivalent syntactical constructions (words, phrases, clauses, or an entire sentence) often for rhetorical effect
point of view
the method of narration in a literary work -- omniscient (has godlike knowledge) or limited (knows thoughts of one and actions of the rest)
repetition
duplication of language
rhetorical question
any question asked for a purpose other than to obtain information the question asks
structure
the organization and form of a literary work
symbolism
an object, action, character, or scene that represents something more abstract
syntax
the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences
theme
the central idea or message of a work or the insight it offers into life
tone
the author's attitude toward their subject or material, audience, or both
figurative language
writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning
alliteration
repetition of initial consonant sounds
assonance
repetition of words beginning with vowels
metonymy
name of one object replaced with one closely associated with it
onomatopoeia
sound of words
synecdoche
identifying something by a part or piece of it -- "nice wheels" not "nice car"
rhetoric
the entire process of written communication between a writer and reader
syllogism
deductive reasoning in which a conclusion is derived from two premises -- method of presenting a logical argument
exigence
what causes a writer to write their piece of work