LAB MIDTERM MASTER LIST

Tibia

Large bone in the lower leg.

Anterior border of the tibia

Ridge that runs down the anterior of the bone (the shin)

Tibial plateau

The flat portion of the tibia that articulates with the femur

Medial condyle of the tibia

The medial side of the tibial plateau

Lateral condyle of the tibia

The lateral side of the tibial plateau ( the side were the fibula is located.

Intercondylar eminence

The protrusions on the top of the tibial plateau.

Tibial tuberosity

The bump at the top of the anterior border

Shaft (body) of the tibia

The length of the bone excluding the two ends

Medial malleolus

The protrusion on the medial side of the distal end of the Tibia ( bump on the inside of the ankle)

Proximal articular facet

Small indent on the proximal end by the lateral condyle that articulates with the fibula.

Distal articular facet (fibular notch)

Small notch at the distal end on the lateral side of the tibia that articulates with the fibula

Fibula

Small thinner bone on the lateral side of the lower leg.

Head of fibula

Medial end of the fibula

Shaft (body) of fibula

Length of the fibula excluding the ends

Lateral malleolus

Protrusion on the distal end of the fibula (bump on the outside of the ankle)

Tarsals

Ankle bones

Calcaneus

Largest bone in the foot

Sustentaculum tali

small protrusion on the medial side of the calcaneus.

Calcaneal tuberosity

The heel of the foot

Medial cuneiform

medial bone closest to the metatarsals

Intermediate cuneiform

Next to the medial cuneiform (middle)

Lateral cuneiform

Most lateral of the cuneiforms, located between the cuboid and the intermediate cuneiform.

Talus

Most superior of the foot bones

Trochlea of talus

Smooth superior portion of the talus that articulates with the tibia.

Cuboid

Cube shaped and most lateral of the bones closest to the metatarsals

Navicular

Ship shaped bone between the talus and the cuneiforms

Metatarsals

The long bones in the feet

Phalanges (singular-phalanx)

Bones that form the toes

Proximal phalanges

The toe bones closest to the metatarsals

Middle phalanges 2-5

The middle toe bones ( there is not one in the big toe).

Distal phalanges 1-5

The toe bones farthest from the body.

Fibular (lateral) collateral ligament

On lateral side, attaches the femur to the fibula.

Tibial (medial) collateral ligament

On the medial side, attaches the femur to the tibia

Anterior cruciate ligament

Attaches the femur to the lateral meniscus

Posterior cruciate ligament

Attaches the femur to the medial meniscus

Patellar ligament

Is the lower portion of the ligament that attaches to the patella ( from patella to tibia)

Medial meniscus

A semicircular joint found on the medial side between the femur and the tibia

Lateral meniscus

A semicircular joint found on the lateral side between the femur and the tibia

Quadriceps tendon

Tendon that attaches the patella to the femur

Lateral calcaneofibular ligament

The ligament found on the outside of the ankle that attaches the fibula and the calcaneus

Medial deltoid ligament

Made of three ligaments that attach the tibia to the calcaneus, talus, and navicular bones.

Metatarsophalangeal joints

The joints between the tarsals and metatarsals

Interphalangeal joint 1

Joint between the proximal and distal phalanges of the big toes only

Proximal interphalangeal joints

Joint between the proximal and middle phalanges

Distal interphalangeal 2-5

Joint between the middle and distal phalanges

Tibialis anterior muscle

Runs from near the patella to the big toe

Extensor hallucis longus muscle

Deep under the extensor digitorum longus muscle

Extensor digitorum longus muscle

From knee to the toes. on the lateral side of tibialis anterior m.

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis muscle

Along the fibula lateral to the extensor digitorum longus muscle.

Fibularis (peroneus) longus muscle

Lateral and superior to fibularis (peroneus) brevis m.

Gastrocnemius muscle

Both sides of the upper calf

Calcaneal (Achilles) tendon

Connects the calf to the calcaneus

Soleus muscle

Deep to the Calcaneal tendon and Gastrocnemius m.

Flexor hallucis longus muscle

Seen after removing the gastrocnemius m. on the lateral side running along the fibula.

Flexor digitorum longus muscle

Seen after removing the gastrocnemius on the medial side along the tibia.

Tibialis posterior muscle

Seen after removing the gastrocnemius between the flexor hallucis longus m. and the flexor digitorum longus m.

Popliteus muscle

Seen after removing the gastrocnemius m. runs at an angle superior to the flexor hallucis longus m. the posterior tibial m. and the flexor digitorum longus m.

Clavicle

Collar bone

Sternal (medial) end

The (medial) end touching the sternum
(clubbed end)

Acromial (lateral) end

The (lateral) end touching the acromial process of scapula (flat end)

Body of clavicle

The middle of clavicle

Scapula

Shoulder blade

Acromial process

Superior boney projection on posterior side extending from scapular spine, reaching anteriorly

Scapular spine

Boney ridge running laterally on posterior side of scapula

Supraspinous fossa

The "valley" above the scapular spine

Infraspinous fossa

The "valley" below the scapular spine

Axillary (lateral) border

Border starting from below glenoid fossa, extending down to inferior angle of scapula

Medial border

Border closest to the spine, extending from superior angle to inferior angle of scapula

Glenoid fossa (cavity)

Articulation where the head of humerus and scapula meet

Coracoid process

Boney projection inferior to acromion process reaching anteriorly. Greek meaning, "crow's beak"

Superior angle

Top angle of scapula on medial side

Inferior angle

Bottom (base) angle of scapula

Lateral angle

Lateral side of scapula just below the glenoid fossa

Suprascapular notch

Deep notch between coracoid process and superior angle

Costal surface

Anterior surface which touches the ribs.

Posterior surface

Area posterior (outer) side below scapular spine

Body of scapula

Main portion of scapula. (Blade)

Humerus

Upper arm bone

Head of humerus

The round "ball" which articulates with glenoid fossa of scapula

Anatomical neck of humerus

45 degree angled line at base of head of humerus

Surgical neck

The line encompassing below head of humerus

Greater tubercle

Proximal end of humerus. Larger bumpy protrusion on lateral side of humerus, opposite of the head of humerus

Lesser tubercle

Proximal end of humerus. Smaller bumpy protrusion more anterior on humerus,

Deltoid tuberosity

Area where deltoid muscle attaches on lateral side, midway down humerus as it slightly curves outward.

Body (shaft) of humerus

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Distal end of humerus. The lateral protuberance. Epi=outside. Condyle=knuckle.

Medial epicondyle of humerus

Distal end of humerus. The medial protuberance. Epi=outside. Condyle=knuckle

Olecranon fossa

Posterior side, distal end of humerus, large depression

Coronoid fossa

Anterior side, distal end of humerus, medial small depression

Radial fossa

Anterior side, distal end of humerus, lateral small depression

Trochlea of humerus

Anterior side, distal end of humerus, medial smooth structure with a ridge at medial side

Capitulum

Anterior side, distal end of humerus, lateral smooth rounded structure

Bicipital groove

Anterior side, proximal end, groove between greater and lesser tubercles

Articular capsule

3

Glenohumeral

1

Coracohumeral ligament

2

Coracoacromial ligament

4

Coracoclavicular ligament

what is 5 and 6 called together

Conoid ligament

6

Trapezoid ligament

5