lecture 27 - chromosomes and cell division - PoD

structure of chromosomes

linear chromosomes

telomere (tips)

centromere (middle)

heterochromatin (surrounds euchromatin)

euchromatin

5' - 3' enzyme

DNA polymerase

3' - 5 ' enzyme

DNA ligase

stages of mitosis

prophase

metaphase

anaphase

telophase

cytokinesis

what are centromeres characterised by?

repetitive DNA sequences known as satellite DNA

function of centromeres

site of kinetochore attachment that attaches to sister chromatids for separation

chromatin structure

DNA packaged with histone proteins

how are karyotypes analysed

G banding

what is meiosis

cell division of germ cells

how does genetic diversity occur in meiosis

recombination of chromosomes

oogenesis

egg formation

spermatogenesis

Formation of sperm

fertilisation

2 haploid cells form a diploid cell (zygote)