Halacha Terms Test 3 Tri 1 Y11 25-26

Explain the term עובר לעשייתן

When saying a ברכה for a מצוה, one needs to say the ברכה before the action of the מצוה.

When should one start to light the חנוכה candles?

After one has recited all three/two ברכות.

Explain the term ברכה לבטלה.

Saying a ברכה in vain.

Explain the term סָפֵק בְּרָכוֹת לְהָקֵל.

If one is in doubt regarding an obligation of a ברכה we don’t say it.

Explain the term עַד שֶׁתִּכְלֶה רֶגֶּל מִן הַשׁוּק.

People are no longer walking through the market.

When is the latest time to light חנוכה candles?

Preferably עַד שֶׁתִּכְלֶה רֶגֶּל מִן הַשׁוּק. However, in our times one can light until dawn.

Explain the term שקיעת החמה.

Sunset

Define סְעוּדַת קֶבַע.

Bread and cake more than a כביצה.

Define אַכִילַת עֲרַאי.

Fruits and vegetables and non-alcoholic drinks - as much as one wants מזונות and המוציא up to a כביצה.

Explain the term מִיחזֵי כְּיּוהָרָא?

Appearing to be showy.

When did Ribi Yosef Caro live?

1488 - 1575

How do אשכנזים and ספרדים refer to Ribi Yosef Caro?

אשכנזים ← המחבר, ספרדים ← מרן

What does רמ"א stand for?

רבי משה איסרליש

When did the רמ”א live?

1520 -1572

Who wrote the משנה ברורה?

רבי ישראל מאיר הכהן כֵּגִן

When did the משנה ברורה live?

1839 -1933

In which section of the שולחן ערוך will one find the laws of Shabbat?

אוֹרַח חַיִים

In which section of the שולחן ערוך will one find monetary laws?

חוֹשֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט

In which section of the שולחן ערוך will one laws of אסור והיתר?

יוֹרֶה דֵעָה

In which section of the שולחן ערוך will one find Marital laws?

אֶבֶן הָעֶזֶר

On what חלק of the שולחן ערוך is the משנה ברורה?

אוֹרַח חַיִים

How many בְּרָכוֹת precede קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע in the morning?

2

How many בְּרָכוֹת follow קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע in the morning?

1

What is the first ברכה of שמע in the morning

יוצר אור

Define הפסק.

An interruption.

When is צאת הכוכבים?

When one is able to see three medium stars

What is the halakhik status of צאת הכוכבים?

It’s considered night

Explain the term רְחִיצָה שֶׁל תַּעַנוּג.

Bathing or washing for pleasure.

Explain the term בכדי אכילת פרס.

The time it takes to eat a half a loaf of bread (the volume of 3 or 4 eggs)

How much time is בכדי אכילת פרס?

Between 6-7.5 minutes. However, it is preferred to finish eating under 4 minutes.

What is a טפח?

A טפח is a measurement of length which is equal to the width of 4 fingers (average). 3.125 inches.

Explain the term תּוֹך כְּדֵי דִבּוּר.

The time it takes to say שלום עליך רבי (which is around 1-2.5 seconds)

What does the פסוק of זה אלי ואנוהו mean?

This is my God and I’ll do beautiful things for Him.

What practical הלכה do we learn from the above פסוק?

That when one performs a מצוה he should do it in a beautiful way.

What is a גזירה שוה?

When the Torah writes the same word in two places, under certain conditions we can bridge the two areas and learn out הלכות from one are to the other.

Explain the term תשמישי קדושה

Items that have God’s name in it or items that are used with God’s name in it such as תפילין straps.

Explain the term תשמישי מצוה

Regular items that are used to perform a מצוה such as שופר.

Explain the concept that ברכות should be עוֹבֵר לַעַשִׂייָתָן.

When performing a מצוה one should say the ברכה before the action of the מצוה.

Where did בני ישראל do משרטט in the משכן?

Before cutting the hides into a precise size they had to first score a line in the hides to guide the scoring instrument.

What basic parameter is needed in order for one to violate מחתך?

It must be a measured and desirable cutting.

Does the מלאכה of מחתך apply to foods?

No.

What is the אסור דאורייתא of כותב?

One needs to write two letters with permanent ink on a permanent surface.

Explain the term: כלאחר יד

Literally it means with the back of one’s hand. However in the Rabbinic literature it is used to express doing something in an unusual manner.

Does one violate an אסור מדאורייתא if one does a מלאכה כלאחר יד?

No, but one violates an אסור מדרבנן.

What is the מלאכה of מוחק?

The מלאכה of מוחק may be defined as the cleaning of any surface to render it suitable for writing, whether this entails erasure of existing script, removal of dirt or a smudge, or any preparation that provides a writing surface.

Explain the term פסיק רישיה.

Doing an action that will definitely cause a side effect, e.g. opening a refrigerator door which will cause the light to illuminate.

Explain the term פסיק רישיה דלא ניחא ליה/אכפת ליה.

Doing an action that will definitely cause an undesired/uncaring side effect.

Is פסיק רישיה דלא ניחיה permitted or prohibited by a מלאכה דרבנן?

According to many אחרונים it is permitted.

What is the basic premise of בונה?

Creating, forming or assembling, even partially, of any kind of permanent structure.

Explain the term אהל קבע and אהל עראי.

A - אהל קבע - permanent tents, אהל עראי - temporary tent.

Is one allowed to make an אהל קבע or עראי on Shabbat?

No, קבע is prohibited מדאורייתא and עראי is prohibited מדרבנן.

Explain the term: סותר על מנת לבנות.

Demolishing with the intent to build.

What is the definition of מכה בפטיש?

any act of completion. This act need not be accomplished by a hammer or any other tool.

Is one allowed to restring guitar on Shabbat? Why?

No. This is מכה בפטיש.

Where did the Jews need kindle a fire for the משכן?

They needed to heat the herbs in order to create a dye.

Is the מלאכה of מכבה (extinguishing a fire) one of creating?

Yes, if one is blowing out the fire to create coals

Explain and give an example for מלאכה שאינה צריכה לגופה.

Doing a מלאכה that one has no need for its result, rather one is doing the מלאכה for the side effect. Example: blowing out a candle to preserve the oil.

Does one violate an אסור דאורייתא for performing a מלאכה שאינה צריכה לגופה?

This is a מחלוקת, according to the Rambam yes and according to many other פוסקים no.

Not according to the Rambam: Is a מלאכה שאינה צריכה לגופה permitted on Shabbat?

No, it is אסור מדרבנן

What is the definition of הוצאה?

Transferring of objects from one domain to another domain.

How many domains exist on Shabbat?

4

What is/are the definition/s of a רשות הרבים?

B & C

Which opinion does the ילקוט יוסף follow?

Streets, market places that are 16 אמות wide.

What is the definition of a כרמלית?

A place that is not meant for common public traffic, such as the ocean and valleys and is also not enclosed with walls.

What is the definition of a מקום פטור?

Less than 4 x 4 טפחים but is higher than 3 טפחים.

What type of domain is an unfenced front yard?

כרמלית

What type of domain is the top of a fire hydrant?

מקום פטור

Which forms of הוצאה is prohibited מדאורייתא?

A & B

Which forms of הוצאה is prohibited מדרבנן?

Transferring from a רשות הרבים to a כרמלית and transferring from a רשות היחיד to a כרמלית.

What does the word תפילה usually refer to?

עמידה

What is the root (שורש) of the word תפילה and what does it mean?

פלל, judgment

What is a מצות עשה שהזמן גרמה? Give an example.

A positive time bound מצוה such as מצות שופר.

Explain and give an example for: ספק דרבנן לקולא.

When in doubt of a רבנן law one can be lenient. Example: One is not sure if he heard every word of מגילת אסתר he does not need to go back and read it again.

Explain and give an example for: ספק דאורייתא לחומרא.

When in doubt regarding a תורה law one must be strict. Example: One is not sure if the shofar blowing was o.k. → needs to hear it again.