Chapter 6

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10 Terms

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Histones

Proteins that help DNA coil and package into chromosomes for efficient genetic storage

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Centromeres

Provide attachment points for spindle fibres during cell division

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Mitosis

Produce new identical diploid cells to the parent cell.

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Meiosis

Ensures genetic variety, by involving two rounds of divisions and genetic recombination, producing four haploid cells

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S Phase

Responsible for DNA replication

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G0 Phase

Cells in resting state, exits cell cycle and does not divide

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G2 Checkpoint

Ensures DNA replication has occured correctly before mitosis

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Trisomy 21

Down Syndrome, extra copy of chromosome 21. Characteristic physical traits and developmental delays

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Klinefelter Syndrome

XXY chromosome, results in speech and language delays, infertility

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Cancer in cell cycle

Checkpoint failure, unrestricted cell division, tumor formation