Forging the New Republic

 he felt a duty to serve for the stability of the new nation

Why did george washington be president dispite not wanting to at first

Cabinet

group of advisors who would help manage the executive departments and carry out the duties of the presidency

Henry Knox

Secretary of War

Thomas Jefferson

Secretary of State

Alexander Hamilton

Secretary of Treasure

Edmund Randolph

Attorney General

Act passed by Congress organizing the judicial branch

What is the Judiciary Act of 1789

Six-person Supreme Court with one chief justice and five associates 

What did the Judiciary Act of 1789 Establish

The first chief justice of the United States who Washington Appointed

Who is John Jay

• Federal government take on all debt from the Revolutionary War - including the debts of both the states and the national government 

• Raise money to pay debt through tariffs on imports & taxation of liquor, sugar, tobacco & carriages

• Creation of a national bank 

What were the 3 parts of Hamiltons economic Plan

• Would reward rich speculators & punish ordinary citizens who sold their bonds at low prices

• Southern states had already paid their war debts, resented being taxed to pay for Northern debts 

• Citizens did not want higher taxes 

• Constitution did not specifically say the federal government could create a national bank

What were Arguments Against Hamiltons economic Plan

Strict Construction

the government should only do what the Constitution specifically states what it can do

Loose Construction

the government can take reasonable actions that are not outlined in the constitution 

1794 farmers in western Pennsylvania objected violently to Hamilton’s tax on whiskey

What was the whiskey Rebellion

Farmers and Tex Collectors

Who took part in the Whiskey Rebellion

Washington called the Virginia, New Jersey & Maryland militias to stop rebellion

What was Washingtons response to the Whiskey Rebellion

• Getting older and health not good 

• No longer universally admired as war hero 

• Many policies were unpopular 

What were some problems George Washington Faced in his 2nd presidency

John Adams (Federalist)

Who won the president election of 1796

• Early government had made treaties with Great Britain & Spain, much to the disdain of France 

• French ships began to seize American merchant ships at sea

What was the XYZ affairs

• Congress cuts off trade with France 

• Canceled treaties it made with pre-revolutionary France 

• Allowed U.S. navy to capture French vessels 

• But the US avoided war

How did the US respond to the XYZ affairs

Alien Act

• Aimed mostly at French & Irish refugees 

• Foreigners needed to register with government 

• Allowed president to jail or expel any foreigner though to be “dangerous to the peace and safety” of the country 

Sedition Act 

Outlawed opposition to government policies by actions or by “false, scandalous or malicious writing”  

John Adams

Who was the Federalist candidate in the 1800 election

Aaron Burr and Thomas Jefferson

Who were the 2 Democratic Republican Candidates in the 1800 election

House of Representatives Vote

How did they determine who to pick for the Democrat Republican party

12th Amendment

Electors must cast separate ballots for president & vice president

(Ratified in 1804)

Aaron Burr won by shooting Alexander Hamilton in the Abdomen

Who won the Duel between Aaron burr and Alexander Hamilton

Believed in Smaller government

What were some of Thomas Jeffersons beliefs as president

• Shrunk the size of the military, did not believe in a standing army during peacetime 

• establish US Military Academy at West Point in 1802 

• Changes tax system, reduced size of executive department staff

What were some of Thomas Jeffersons early actions in office

• Spain returned Louisiana to France along with port city of New Orleans 

In a secret treaty Between Spain and France in 1800 what happened

Shoshone women who became a trusted guide 

Who was Sacagawea

• reach Pacific, map the country, survey its natural history including plants, animals & landforms 

What were some of the Goals of the Lewis and Clark expedition

They Reached the Pacific Ocean, Kept a journal and discovered 120 species of plants

What was the outcome of the Lewis and Clark expedition

Created new positions in the judicial branch

Judiciary act of 1801

Determined the Judiciary acts of 1789 were unconstitutional

Marbury v Madison

Judicial review

established the Supreme Court’s right to declare that a law violates the Constitution