Honors Biology - Unit 4: Gas & Waste Exchange Through the Urinary and Respiratory Systems (Part 2 of Learning Targets)

Carbon dioxide

________ is expelled from a human when the diaphragm relaxes, causing the lungs to recoil and the waste gas to be pushed out.

Oxygen

________ is needed by cells to make energy, while carbon dioxide is produced as the cells make energy and is later released as a waste product.

Humans

________ excrete harmful nitrogenous waste as urea (changed in the liver)

respiratory system

The ________ plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis.

gas exchange process

The ________ helps humans create a balance.

urinary system

The ________ regulates three substances in the human body.

pelvis

The ________ goes to the ureter, which takes the urine to the bladder, where excretion will eventually occur, eliminating the sodium waste out of the body.

Contraction of the diaphragm

________ causes chest volume to increase, while air pressure in the lungs decreases.

human body systems

The diaphragms contractions and relaxations allow for air to rush in and out of the lungs. Explain how ________ maintain relatively constant internal conditions.

pressure difference

The ________ causes air to rush into the lungs (oxygen)

Water level

The urinary system regulates three substances in the human body. ________ is regulated, salt and ion levels in the blood are adjusted accordingly, and urea /other toxic wastes are excreted.

Gills

________ maximize the concentration difference of oxygen between the blood in the capillaries and the water that passes over the ________.

large amount of sodium first

The ________ enters the kidneys through the renal artery in unfiltered blood.

Water

________ flows over gill disks front to back, while blood moves in the opposite direction of water.

Sodium ions

________ are among the substances /nutrients that can be reabsorbed.

large volume of gas

A(n) ________ can be exchanged with the bloodstream in a short amount of time because the many alveoli of the lungs provide a great surface area.

rest of the sodium

The ________ is turned into waste products, which have remained in the Loop of Henle, passed through a tubule, then into collecting ducts.

Carbon dioxide

________ diffuses out of the gills into the water, conversely.

Oxygen

What is taken in with inspiration? Answer with a single words or term.

Carbon dioxide

________ is the waste gas, removed with expiration.

urinary system

The ________ plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis.