APK4125 Lab 5

Total Energy expenditure (TEE)

the amount of calories (energy measured in kilocalories) burned by the human body in one day

TEE is divided in to three categories: what are they and their percentages

physical activity (30%)

Diet induced thermogenesis (10%)

resting energy expenditure (60%)

Diet induced thermogenesis

the increase in energy expenditure that follows the ingestion of food

Resting Metabolic Rate

energy (measured in kilocalories) required to maintain physiological functions when the body is at complete rest

biological definition of RMR

amount of energy expended when an individual is awake, in a postabsorptive, thermoneutral state while having not exercised for typically 12hr

is RMR synonymous with basal metabolic rate

no

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Minimal energy expenditure for survival

Basic bodily functions, such as breathing, circulating blood and growing and repairing cells

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) measured after ____ hour fast

14-18

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR): Requires client to have abstained from exercise for at least __ hrs

24

difference between RMR and BMR

RMR is similar to BMR but does not exclude all calories from digestion (thus the shorter fast), and does not have as strict protocol on restrictions from exercise before the measurement

RMR: Requires client to have abstained from exercise for at least __ hrs

12

RMR: measured after ____ hour fast

4-8

RMR is always (Higher/lower) than BMR

by how many percent?

RMR is 10% Higher than BMR

Biggest factor in predicting metabolic rate

Lean mass

muscle requires ___ times the amount of energy than fat does to maintain

6x

top 2 contributors to metabolism

lean mass

surface area (body size)

at rest, what is the main method of dissipating heat

radiation

how does this factor affect BMR: lean mass

lean mass is more metabolically active, so more calories are needed to maintain it

how does this factor affect BMR: age

BMR decline 1-2% per decade after early adult years

how does this factor affect BMR: gender

women have less lean mass than men and have smaller body size -> women have 10% lower BMR

how does this factor affect BMR: stress

stress inc BMR

how does this factor affect BMR: hormones

inc in thyroid hormones inc BMR, but too little hormones lowers BMR

how does this factor affect BMR: starvation

starvation & fasting for more than 48 hours lowers BMR

how does this factor affect BMR: temperature

very cold or hot can inc BMR

how does this factor affect BMR: caffeine

can raise BMR but only slightly

how does this factor affect BMR: drugs

inc BMR

Direct calorimetry

measure heat production

Indirect calorimetry

measure O2 consumption

how many calories are burned per 1 L of oxygen consumed

5 calories

What is the correct order of operations?

Parentheses > Exponents > Multiplication > Division > Addition > Subtraction

Regardless of the macronutrient used, with every liter of oxygen consumed by the body, ______ kcal are burned.

A. 3.5

B. 10

C. 8

D. 5

D. 5 kcal

How many of the following factors that affect resting energy expenditure are controllable: lean body mass, genes, age, supplement, stress?

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

B. 3 (Lean Body Mass, Supplement, Stress)

What is the term for the minimum energy expenditure needed for survival?

A. BMR

B. RMR

C. TEE

D. DIT

A. BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate)

Which of the following is NOT a determinant in the amount of calories burned during physical activity?

A. Intensity

B. Duration

C. Body Weight

D. Genetics

E. All of the following determinants would influence the amount of calories burned during physical activity

E. All of the following determinants would influence the amount of calories burned during physical activity

T o F: When calculating an individual's RMR from VO2 data, we average the three lowest values.

True

T o F: When connecting the breathing tube from the VO2 Hans Rudolph mask to the MET cart, you attach the tube to the exhalation side of the mask.

True

T o F: RMR is a better indicator of daily needs and what they body will need on a day to day basis.

True

T o F: You would expect a positive relationship between body surface area and resting energy expenditure.

True

T o F: To convert from lbs to kg, we divide by a factor of 2.54.

False (divide by 2.2)

______ is usually measured after a 14-18 hour fast.

BMR

When measuring ____ clients need to have abstained from exercise for at least 12 hours before testing.

RMR

The most influential factor in determining an individual's resting energy expenditure is ________

Lean Body Mass

Direct calorimetry measures ______

Heat

To convert from METs to Relative VO2, we multiply by ______________

3.5 ml/kg/min