chapter 3 HSC

Anter/o

Front

Caud/o

Tail (downward)

Cephal/o

Head (upward)

Dist/o

Away (from point of attachment)

Dors/o

Back

Infer

Below

Later

Side

Medi/o

Middle

Poster

Back, behind

Proxim

Near ( the point of attachment)

Super/o

Above

Ventr/o

Belly (front)

Radi/o

X-rays, ionizing radiation

Son/o

Sound

Tom/o

To cut, section, or slice

-Ad

Toward

-Gram

The record, radiographic image

- graph

Instrument used to record, the record

-Graphs

Process of recording, radiographic imaging

-ior

Pertaining to

umbilical region

around the navel

lumbar regions

to the right and left of the umbilical region, near the waist

epigastric region

superior to the umbilical region

hypochondriac regions

to the right and left of the epigastric region

hypogastric region

inferior to the umbilical region

iliac regions

to the right and left of the hypogastric region, near the groin (also called inguinal regions)

Axial

horizontal plane divid ing the body into superior and inferior portions (transverse/ horizontal)

Coronal

Vertical plane passing through the body from side to side, dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions (frontal)

Midsagital

vertical plane passing through the body from front to back at the midline,dividing the body equally into right and left halves

Parasagittal

vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into unequal left and right sides

Sagittal

vertical plane passing through the body from front to back, dividing the body into right and left sides (any plane parallel to the midsagittal plane)

Fowler position

semi-siing position with slight elevation of the knees

Lateral Recumbent Position

lying on side; right and left precede the term to indicate the patient’s side

Lithotomy Position

lying on back with legs raised and feet in stirrups, hips and knees flexed, and thighs abducted (away from body) and externally rotated

orthopnea position

sitting upright in a chair or in bed supported by pillows behind the back. Sometimes the patient tilts forward, resting on a pillow supported by an overbed table.

Prone position

lying on abdomen, facing downward; head may be turned to one side; also called ventral recumbent position

Sims position

lying on side in a semi-prone position with the knee drawn up toward the chest and the arm drawn behind parallel to the back. Right and left precede the term to indicate the patient’s right or left side. Originally, the term specifically indicated the patient’s left side; therefore, if the term Sims position is used without a description of right or left, it is assumed the patient is to be placed on the left side

Supine position

Lying in back, facing upwards (also called dorsal recumbent position)

Trendelenburg Position

lying on back with body tilted so that the head is lower than the feet

Radiography

Process of recording x-rays

Tomography

Process of recording slices

Sonography

process of recording sound (also called ultrasonography [US])

Computed tomography (CT)

imaging modality that combines x-rays with computer technology to produce tomography detailed, cross sectional images of the body, called “slices.” Oral or intravenous contrast agent may be given to highlight specific regions in the body, resulting in clearer images

Fluoroscopy

imaging of moving body structures, like an x-ray movie. An x-ray beam is passed through the body part being studied, and then the image is transmitted to a monitor in real time so that movement can be seen in detail. Contrast agent is often used to help identify and assess the function of different structures