Entrance Exam Preparation: State and Law Theory (Code CA4)

Vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts of state theory, legal foundations, constitutional principles, and sample test items from the CA4 University Recruitment Examination transcript.

Class Nature of the State

The essential attribute of a state that expresses its function of protecting the ruling class, as demonstrated when tax policies prioritize groups holding economic and political power.

Internal Function of the State

State activities aimed at managing and developing social life within national borders, such as expanding poor-household support programs and creating employment.

Source of Law

The form containing and expressing legal norms that are issued or recognized by the state.

Obligation of a Legal Subject

The mandatory conduct required by the state that a legal subject must perform within a legal relationship.

Legal Compliance (Tuân thủ pháp luật)

A form of law implementation requiring legal subjects to refrain from committing acts prohibited by law, such as a driver refraining from drinking alcohol.

Use of Law (Sử dụng pháp luật)

A form of law implementation where subjects choose to exercise their legal rights according to their own will, such as applying for a passport for travel.

Application of Law (Áp dụng pháp luật)

A state-named activity conducted by competent organs or officials to make individual legal decisions, resolve disputes, or handle law violations, such as a court sentencing a defendant.

Enforcement of Law (Thi hành pháp luật)

A form of law implementation where legal subjects actively fulfill their mandatory legal duties, such as paying income tax on time.

Objective Side of a Legal Violation

The external elements of a legal violation, comprising the unlawful act, the resulting social harm/consequence, and the causal link between them.

Origin of State (Marxist-Leninist Perspective)

The theoretical view that the state came into existence due to irreconcilable class contradictions in society.

Social Nature of the State

An objective and universal attribute present in all states, reflecting state activities that address common social needs and management.

National Sovereignty

The supreme authority of a state within its territory and its independence in foreign relations, distinguishing it from social organizations.

Administrative State Organs in Vietnam

The system of executive organs in Vietnam comprising the Government, Ministries, Ministerial-level agencies, and People's Committees at all levels.

Form of Law

The mode of expression and existence of legal rules and norms.

Provision (Quy định)

The component of a legal norm that specifies the conduct a subject is permitted to do, required to do, or forbidden from doing in a specific situation.

Legal Consciousness (Ý thức pháp luật)

The sum of theories, doctrines, views, and attitudes of individuals or groups toward law and legal phenomena.

Theological Theory of State Origin

The doctrine asserting that the state was created by God who bestowed power upon the ruler.

Exercising State Power (2013 Constitution)

The forms through which the people exercise state power in Vietnam, specifically direct democracy and representative democracy.

Relationship Between Law and Economy

The fundamental relationship where the economy determines the content and development of the law.

Legal Precedent (Án lệ) Authority

In Vietnam, the body permitted to issue legal precedents is the Court (specifically through the Judicial Council of the Supreme People's Court).

Statutory Article (Điều luật)

The textual form of expression used to contain and articulate legal norms.

Conditions for Arising of a Legal Relationship

The three necessary conditions: a governing legal norm, subjects with legal capacity, and a legal fact.

Legal Rights Capacity (Năng lực pháp luật)

An individual's capacity recognized by the state to hold legal rights and duties, which begins at birth.

Legal Liability

The adverse legal consequences that an individual or organization must bear as enforced by the state for committing a legal violation.

Resolution No. 66-NQ/TW (2025)

A resolution by the Politburo setting the 2030 target for Vietnam to possess a high-quality, modern legal system that approaches advanced international standards while suiting national realities.

Unitary State Structure

A state structure with one constitution, one unified legal system, one centralized state apparatus, and administrative units lacking independent sovereignty.

Democratic Centralism

The principle balancing centralized unified leadership from upper state bodies with the proactive initiative and creativity of local levels.

Careless Negligence (Lỗi vô ý do cẩu thả)

A fault type where a person fails to foresee the harmful consequences of their act, even though they were required to foresee and capable of foreseeing them.

Disciplinary Liability

A type of legal liability applied to public officials or employees for internal duty breaches, such as dismissal for unauthorized absences.