Aristotle's Ethics

Key Concepts and Theories for the Quiz

What is the starting point of Aristotle's inquiry into the good life?

Aristotle begins by seeking to understand what the greatest good is.

What is a telos?

A telos is an ultimate aim or purpose that something is meant to achieve.

What are the three qualities that characterize the greatest good according to Aristotle?

The greatest good is self-sufficient, the end of all actions, and desirable in itself.

What do most people agree is the greatest good for humans?

Most people agree that happiness is the greatest good for humans.

What do the many (hoi polloi) believe the mean of the greatest good is?

They often believe that the mean of the greatest good is pleasure or wealth.

What Greek word does Aristotle use to refer to the human telos?

Eudaimonia.

According to Aristotle, how is happiness defined?

Happiness is not merely a feeling; it is an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue.

What is the characteristic function of humans according to Aristotle?

The characteristic function of humans is rational activity.

How does Aristotle define virtue?

Virtue is a disposition to act in accordance with reason and to find the mean between extremes.

What are the two types of virtue necessary for humans according to Aristotle?

Moral virtues and intellectual virtues.

What is the Doctrine of the Mean?

It is the idea that virtue lies between two extremes, and we find the mean by rational deliberation.

What are Aristotle's views on friendship?

Aristotle views friendship as essential for a good life, categorizing it into three types: utility, pleasure, and virtue.

According to Aristotle, what is the best life for a human being?

The best life is one of virtuous activity in accordance with reason, leading to eudaimonia.