Security Forces End of block 2 test

Objective reasonableness

"The reasonableness" of a particular use of force must encompass the totality of circumstance and be judged from the perspective of a reasonable officer.

Totality of circumstance

Anything that can affect your use of force; anything that can affect your response

Imminent threat

A dangerous or threatening situation which is about to occur; More time

Immediate threat

One that can be delivered without delay and requires instant response by defender; Instant

Force

Effort by defender to compel compliance, gain control, or overcome resistance

Deadly force

force likely to cause death or great bodily harm

Application of force encompasses three main elements of action and assessment

Tools, tactics, timing

Intelligence Cycle

Process of tasking collecting processing analyzing and disseminating intelligence

Four critical sources for gathering intelligence

Human, signals, image, and Open source Intelligence

human intelligence

Intelligence gathered by means of interpersonal contact

O RED

Orientation, research, exploitation, dissemination - Intelligence cycle (Human Intelligence)

Signal Intelligence

Intelligence that has been collected by technological resources. Also referred to as SIGINT.

Lead of Signal Intelligence

National Security Agency, lead agency for collecting signals; NSA responsible for providing foreign signals intelligence

Imagery (IMINT

Representation of objects reproduced on cameras, or other media. Also includes photos, sensors, infrared sensors, lasers and electro optics

Open-Source Intelligence (OSINT)

Utilizes information that is openly available to all

OSINT process consists of four steps (4 d's)

Discovery,discrimination,distillation,dissemination

Integrated Defense

Combines offensive and defensive capabilities to protect against threats against bases; integrated together to defend our assets

Integrated Defense Goal

Employed to mitigate potential risk to DAF, joint and coalition operations within the Base boundary and the base security zone

How many level threats are there

3 levels of threats

level 1 threat

Threats include enemy agents and terrorists whose primary missions include espionage, sabotage and subversion

Level 2 threat

Threats include small scale, irregular forces

Level 3 threat

Threats have the capability of projecting combat power by air, land or sea

Defense Force Commander

Installation commanders primary advisor for ID.

Agents, Saboteurs, Sympathizers, Terrorists, Civil Disturbances

level 1 threat

Small tactical units, unconventional warfare forces, standoff weapons threat

Level 2 threat

Large tactical force operations, airborne, amphibious, infiltration

Level 3 threats

Terrorism

Use of violence to instill fear

Insider Threat

Comes from inside assigned or attached personnel (military or civ), host country nationals, third country nationals etc. assigned to or transiting from an area of responsbility

Near Peer

An individual who has recently gone through experiences that someone or two stages behind

Gray Zone

Area between war and peace , where weaker adversaries have learned how to seize territory

Force Protection

Preventive measures to mitigate hostile actions against DOD personnel ( does not include actions to defeat the enemy )

Force Protection Conditions ( FPCONS )

Series of FPCONS ranging from Normal to delta

FPCON Normal

General global threat or possible terrorist activity exists; routine a security posture

FPCON Alpha

Unpredictable threat

FPCON Bravo

MORE PREDICTABLE threat or terrorist activity exists

FPCON Charlie

Terrorist activity against personnel and facilities is LIKELY

FPCON Delta

Terrorist against a specific location of person is imminent.

Random Antiterrorism Measures (RAM)

Enhance deterrence and detection efforts and should be implemented without a set pattern

RAM

Should be conducted for sufficient periods of time to increase the visibility and disruption of terrorist operation cycle

What to consider when Random Vehicle Inspection are done as a Ram

Ensure pre coordination with the installation legal office

Examples of RAM

Irregular guard changes (time, number, location, TTP)

Roving security patrols (size, time, routines)

Random vehicle inspections and personnel inspection

Integrated Defense Plan

Provides an understanding of security requirements for all units involved in ID and describes how how commanders employ available ID forces, capabilities, and concepts to accomplish overall ID mission

Approving authority of the IDP

Installation Commanders

What is a limited release document, and contains the assessment data, risk tolerance etc.

IDP

Defense Force Commander

Installations commanders primary advisor for ID

IDP requirements

Security plan needed for all protection level assets

Also lay out plans for Critical Risk Management assets, water/power distribution centers, CDCs, base schools, commissary, etc

Contingency plan

Plans dealing with events that could possibly occur at an installation

Basic planning document for installation defense planning

Integrated defense plan

Base boundary sectors

The DFC will divide installations into ID sectors to ensure adequate response to PL resources or mission assets

SF Checklists

condensed instructions into step by step checklists for BDOC controllers and sentries to use

Increased readiness procedures

Detection screens using security patrols, posted sentries and military working dog teams to provide surveillance over logical avenues of approach to the installation and restricted areas

Actions during an attack

Immediate response is required after a confirmed attack on the installation or against AF resources, allocate only the forces needed to neutralize an attack

Incident command system

Flexible, standardized, on scene, all hazards incident management approach. Can be used not only for emergencies but also planned events

Modular Organization

An organization may expand based on the incidents size

Management by objectives

Assigning tasks to get the mission done.

Incident action planning

Having an objective that is concise

Integrated communications

Communication processes and systems that include voice and data links

Installations have base specific what?

Emergency Action plans

Hazardous Material, Aircraft, explosives, various modes of transportation,

Major Accident Responses

Tornadoes, Ice Storm, High Winds, flooding, earthquakes, blizzards

Natural Disaster Response

Emergency Action Plans are used for

Major accidents, natural disasters, attacks, and terrorists use of Chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear (CBRN) weapons or materials.

The command and control center for ID operations during normal and emergency operations; control center for both garrison and expeditionary operations; controlled area manned 24/7, 365 days a year.

BDOC

SF Blotter

Significant events that occur during a shift

Expeditionary BDOC

a portable base defense operations center (BDOC) that can be deployed to remote or temporary locations

Vehicle Barriers

Must be effective to stop active vehicle threats at Access control points

Defensive reinforcement is achieved by integrating systems of barriers and fields of fire

Integrate systems

Temporary Barriers

Used primarily for indicating higher levels of security for short periods of time (red rope indication demarcation line)

Fencing

Serves as a legal and physical demarcation of the area perimeter; Warning signs should be placed on/near controlled/restricted area fencing.

Concentric Circle

Used in buildings, rooms and small outdoor areas, conducted by proceeding in ever widening or even narrowing circles; utilize a clockwise movement.

Strip and Grid Search

Used in large outdoor areas and conducted by dividing the area intro strips approx. 4 ft wide; once completed each area has been searched twice ( the strip and then the grid)

Zone and Sector Search

Used for large buildings or large outdoor areas searches; large indoor/outdoor area is divided into sectors or zones that are then searched as individual areas,

Direct to threat (dynamic) speed

Speed, surprise; used when speed is essential (active shooter)

Deliberate (covert) speed

Location of threat is not known; room to room search conducted; movement is slow

Scenes are _____ and if improperly handled valuable evidence may be lost or destroyed

Fragile

When arriving on a crime scene

Advise BDOC

Security Forces role to preserve evidence

Take steps to document everything about the scene as you originally found it

Crime Scene Notes

Detailed scene description and condition of scene; documenting notes of the scene

Crime Scene Sketch

Rough sketch should be accomplished while in scene; sketch of the scene

AF FM 52 Evidence tag

Very in depth, detailed evidence for you to write

AF Form 1109

Visitor Register Log; Maintained at controlled or restricted areas

Response to Contaminated incident site

Initial task within the emergency responder missions is that the incident commander (IC) must establish control of the site to protect first responders and keep out unauthorized personnel

One strategy to establish three distinct zones

Exclusion zone (hot zone)

One strategy to establish three distinct zones

Contamination reduction zone (warm zone)

One strategy to establish three distinct zones

Support zone (cold zone)

How many MOPP levels are there

6 levels

MOPP

Mission Oriented Protective Posture

Entry authority list

EAL's are used on temporary basis for granting entry in conjunction with home base or temporary...

EAL requirements

Name (rank), Badge Number, clearance level, dates of visit, expiration date

Authentication for EAL

An AF supervisor (E-5/GS-7 or above) responsible for validating and authenticating the EAL

Implementing entry and circulation control procedures for restricted areas

Objective of entry and circulation control are to maintain the integrity of areas; making sure only authorized ppl are going in

Restricted Area Badges (RAB)

Official documents used for controlling entry to restricted areas

AF Form 1199

Restricted Area Badge; to document authorization for an individual to access restricted areas on a military base,

PL-1 and PL-2 Restricted Areas

Temporary badges for Pl-1 and PL-2 areas must never leave the restricted area

PL-3 Restricted Areas

The badges may leave the restricted area

Exchange badge system

Exchange badge system is the most secure method of limiting entry into a restricted area

Single Badge System

Requires only one badge for each person authorized unescorted entry into a restricted area

In order to enter a restricted area unescorted, the individual requesting entry must have one of the following

An AF form 1199 with appropriate area open for access, an authenticated EAL matching a RAB, air crew orders with associated cac

Stop-check-pass

Utilized when there is an IMMEDIATE need to locate individuals who might be entering or exiting the installation

Entry Controllers can initiate stop-check-pass

Initiate during higher priority alarm activation, anti robbery, duress, gate runner, or when directed by the Flight Sergeant

Installation Entry and exit vehicle checks

Installation commanders determine when, where and how to implement random checks of vehicles or pedestrians