Environmental Science 101 Exam 1

Instrumental Value

Value tied to usefulness to someone

Stewardship

How to care for the environment/land

Environmental Justice:

Combining civil rights with environmental protection

Environmental Science

Study of the natural and built world and human interaction

Inherent Value

Value of something because it exists

Preservation : Leaving wilderness untouched and preserved indefinitely

7. Conservation : Using land wisely and scientifically for human benefit

8. Ecosystem Services :Positive benefits provided by wildlife or ecosystems

9. Tragedy of the Commons: Shared limited resource becoming depleted due to self-interest

10. Property Rights: Combatting tragedy of the commons through ownership

11. Regulation of Rules : Combatting tragedy of the commons through governance

12. Sustainable Development: Economic system using natural resources without depletion

13. Solar and Wind Pow-

er

Examples of sustainable development

14. Recycling Example of sustainable development

15. Regenerative Agri-

culture

Example of sustainable development

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16. Less Consumption Example of sustainable development

17. Science Systematic examination of the natural world

18. Question First step of the scientific method

19. Research Second step of the scientific method

20. Hypothesis Testable explanation for an observation

21. Experiment Fourth step of the scientific method

22. Data Analysis Fifth step of the scientific method

23. Report Findings Final step of the scientific method

24. Natural Experiment Observing phenomena without changing anything

25. Manipulative Experi-

ment

Changing the environment in a controlled setting

26. Data Information or measurements collected

27. Sample Size Number of observations

28. Sum Total of measurements

29. Mean Average of measurements

30. Standard Deviation Measure of deviation from the average

31. Confidence Limits Likelihood that a sample represents the population

32. Scientific Theory Well-tested explanation that unifies observations

33. Peer Review Process Sharing and evaluation of scientific studies

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34. Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space

35. Element Substance that cannot be broken down by chemical reactions

36. Atom Basic unit of a chemical element

37. Proton Positively charged particle found in the nucleus

38. Neutron Particle with no charge found in the nucleus

39. Electron Negatively charged particle outside the nucleus

40. Atomic Number Total number of protons

41. Mass Number Total number of protons and neutrons

42. Isotope Element with same number of protons but different mass

43. Molecule Two or more atoms joined by chemical bonds

44. Ion Atom or molecule with electric charge

45. Organic Molecule Carbon-based molecule with 2 or more carbons

46. Carbohydrate Organic compound providing quick energy

47. Monosaccharides Building blocks of carbohydrates

48. Disaccharides Two monosaccharides combined together

49. Polysaccharides Long chains of monosaccharides

50. Protein Provides structure and functions in cells

51. Amino Acids Monomers of proteins

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52. Lipids Fats and oils that store large amounts of energy

53. Nucleic Acid Stores information and provides instructions for proteins

54. Nucleotides Monomers of nucleic acids

55. Energy Ability to do work

56. Kinetic Energy Energy of motion

57. Potential Energy Stored energy

58. First Law of Thermo-

Energy can be transferred and transformed, but not created or destroyed

dynamics

59. Energy Efficiency Measure of work resulting from energy input

60. Photosynthesis Plants using sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen

61. Cellular Respiration Process of breaking down glucose to produce energy

62. Trophic Level Feeding level based on source of nutrients

63. Producer Organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis

64. Primary Consumer Herbivore that eats producers

65. Secondary Con-

sumer

Carnivore or omnivore that eats primary consumers

66. Tertiary Consumer Carnivore that eats secondary consumers

67. Evolution Genetic change in life forms over time

68. Natural Selection Survival and reproduction of individuals with certain genetic traits

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69. Environmental Science and Population

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Population Group of individuals of the same species in a specific time and place

70. Gene Pool Collection of alleles in a population at one time

71. Allele Form of a gene

72. Gene Segment of DNA strand

73. Genotype Genetic code of traits

74. Phenotype Organism's physical appearance or visible traits

75. Mutation Change in DNA information

76. Sexual Reproduction Source of genetic variation for evolution

77. Mutations Source of genetic variation for evolution

78. Adaptation Traits determined by natural selection