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Darwin's Theory
Mechanism explaining species change over time.
Natural Selection
Main process by which species evolve.
Struggle for Existence
Competition among individuals for limited resources.
Exponential Growth
Population potential to increase rapidly under ideal conditions.
Steady State
Population remains constant over time despite growth potential.
Survival of the Fittest
Individuals better adapted survive and reproduce.
Heredity
Transmission of traits from parents to offspring.
Variation in Traits
Differences among individuals within a population.
Heritable Variation
Traits that can be passed to offspring.
Resources Limitation
Scarcity of food, space, and habitat restricts growth.
Darwin's Inference 1
Struggle leads to natural selection.
Darwin's Inference 2
Variation plus struggle results in survival.
Darwin's Inference 3
Natural selection drives evolution over generations.
Principles of Geology
Earth's features shaped by gradual processes.
Uniformitarianism
Geological processes are consistent over time.
Malthusian Theory
Population growth limited by resources availability.
Galapagos Finches
Example of natural selection in beak size.
Descent with Modification
Evolutionary principle of species changing over time.
Darwin's Voyage
Journey that shaped his theories on evolution.
Ecological Facts
Observations on population growth and resource limits.
Alfred Russel Wallace
Co-developer of natural selection theory.
Dynamic Scientific Knowledge
Science evolves with new discoveries and understanding.
Isaac Newton
Influential scientist known for laws of motion.
Competition Types
Intraspecific and interspecific competition for resources.
Peter and Rosemary Grant
Researchers studying finches in the Galapagos.
Biodiversity
Variety of life resulting from evolutionary processes.
Darwin's Key Facts
Individuals vary, some traits are heritable.
Natural Selection Conditions
Variation, heritability, and competition must exist.
Alleles
Gene variants influencing traits in organisms.
Phenomenal Biodiversity
Diverse life forms resulting from evolutionary divergence.
Scientific Collaboration
Knowledge built on contributions from many scientists.
Darwin's Influence
Inspired by geological principles for biological theories.
Evolutionary Biology
Study of how species evolve over time.
Darwin's Observations
Collected facts leading to his theory of evolution.
Genetic Basis
Understanding of heredity not known in Darwin's time.
Natural Laws
Principles governing both geology and biology.
Litter Size
Average number of offspring produced in one birth.
Quadrillion Shrews
Hypothetical exponential growth example of shrew population.
Scientific Process
Dynamic and evolving understanding of natural phenomena.
Darwin's Tree of Life
Simplistic representation of evolutionary relationships.
Evolution as Fact
Species change is observable and documented.
Evolution as Theory
Natural selection explains mechanisms of species change.
