medical imaging quiz questions for final

What is histology primarily concerned with?

The study of the morphology of cells within their natural tissue environment.

Which microbiologic technique is commonly used to identify organisms in a wound infection?

Wound culture.

True or False: Histology is used to examine biopsy samples from a patient with a lung mass.

True.

Which tissue types are commonly examined in histology?

All tissue types (epithelial, connective, nervous, and muscle).

Abnormal morphology of cardiac muscle tissue most likely results in what symptom?

Decreased activity endurance.

Which fluid analysis is most beneficial for diagnosing meningitis?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Gold standard imaging test for osteoporosis?

DEXA Scan.

Primary benefit of interventional radiology?

Minimally invasive techniques.

Best imaging for quickly identifying internal bleeding in trauma (per exam)?

Ultrasound (FAST exam).

Which is NOT a common indication for ultrasound?

Assessing a brain bleed.

How does imaging support care after a concussion?

It helps rule out structural pathology that could alter management.

Patient with low back pain, leg weakness, and bladder dysfunction should receive what imaging?

Lumbar spine MRI.

FDG PET/CT is especially useful for what in sarcoidosis?

Assessing cardiac involvement and evaluating reversible granulomas.

Best imaging for chronic low back pain with nerve root symptoms?

MRI.

How does MRI create images?

Using magnetic fields and radio waves to capture proton signals in fat and water.

Primary function of the MRI magnetic field?

To align hydrogen protons with the magnetic field.

On an X-ray, how do bones appear?

White (radiopaque).

Why are children at greater risk from ionizing radiation?

Higher cancer risk per unit dose due to developing tissues and longer lifespan.

What is radiologic density?

Greater object density results in greater absorption of X-rays.

How does medical radiography work?

X-rays pass through the body and the transmitted pattern is recorded.

When is a CT scan typically warranted?

Acute trauma, suspected stroke, or unexplained abdominal pain.

When should diagnostic imaging be ordered?

When the patient history and examination indicate further diagnostics are needed.

A physician orders imaging, a radiologist interprets it, and another provider uses it for treatment planning. What does this demonstrate?

Imaging supports interdisciplinary care.

Primary responsibility of a radiologist?

Interpreting medical imaging results.

When does imaging best support clinical decision making?

When additional information is needed to guide treatment.

Which scenario demonstrates imaging aiding a final diagnosis and treatment plan?

Identifying the presence of a stroke.

True or False: Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium commonly causing skin and soft tissue infections.

True.

True or False: Ultrasound images are created using reflected sound waves and travel time.

True.

True or False: Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) is a non-invasive technique used to visualize blood vessels.

True.

True or False: PET and SPECT both use radioactive tracers, but PET provides higher resolution and more precise quantification.

True.

True or False: Fluoroscopy provides real-time imaging and is used for procedures like barium studies and cardiac catheterization.

True.

Patient with chronic shoulder pain and suspected rotator cuff tear—best imaging?

MRI.

Athlete with ankle injury and suspected fracture—best imaging?

X-ray.

Pregnant patient with suspected gallbladder disease—best imaging?

Ultrasonography.

Monitoring metabolic activity in metastatic cancer—best imaging?

PET Scan.

Breast biopsy examined to determine benign vs malignant tissue—diagnostic modality?

Histology.

Sputum sample used to identify an infectious organism—diagnostic modality?

Microbiology.

What imaging is best for evaluating soft tissue injuries such as herniated discs?

MRI.

What imaging modality uses sound waves instead of ionizing radiation?

Ultrasound.

What imaging modality uses ionizing radiation to create cross-sectional images?

CT Scan.

What imaging modality is best for evaluating fractures?

X-ray.

Which imaging modality is best for evaluating metabolic activity?

PET Scan.

Which imaging modality is the gold standard for evaluating bone mineral density?

DEXA Scan.

MRI is best suited for imaging what type of tissues?

Soft tissues (brain, spinal cord, ligaments, tendons, discs, muscles).

CT is best suited for evaluating what?

Acute trauma, bleeding, fractures, and abdominal emergencies.

Ultrasound is commonly used to evaluate what?

Pregnancy, gallbladder disease, blood flow, tendons, and abdominal organs.

PET scans primarily evaluate what?

Metabolic and physiologic activity.

Fluoroscopy is primarily used for what?

Real-time imaging during diagnostic and interventional procedures.

Which imaging modality should generally be avoided when possible in pregnant patients?

CT and other ionizing radiation studies unless clinically necessary.

What is the role of histology?

Microscopic examination of tissues to diagnose disease.

What is the role of microbiology?

Identification of infectious organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.