Crucial Concepts Bootcamp Module 2: Root Words

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering medical abbreviations, conditions, procedures, administrative timing, routes, assessment findings, symbols, and word components (roots, prefixes, suffixes) from Module 2.

-apheresis

removal (plasmapheresis = removal of plasma)

an-

without (anuric = w/o urine)

angi/angio

vessel (angiogram = imaging of the vessel)

-apheresis

removal (plasmapheresis = removal of plasma components from blood)

-asthenia

without strength (myasthenia = without muscle strength)

azot-

urea (azotemia = urea in the blood)

-centesis

removal of fluid (thoracentesis = removal of fluid from lungs)

-chezia

elimination of waste (hematochezia = blood in stool)

cholecyst

gallbladder (cholecystitis = inflammation of the gallbladder)

cholang

bile/vessel (cholangiogram = camera study of bile ducts)

brady-

slow (bradycardia = slow heart rate)

-capnea

carbon dioxide (hypercapnea = elevated carbon dioxide)

-cidal

killing (bacteriacidal = kills bacteria)

contra

opposite (contralateral = opposite side of the body)

dipsia

thirst (polydipsia = excessive thirst)

dys-

abnormal (dysrhythmia = abnormal heart rhythm)

-ectomy

surgical removal (appendectomy = removal of the appendix)

-emia

condition of the blood (bacteremia = bacteria in the blood)

encephal

brain (encephalopathy = pathology of the brain)

end/endo-

within (endoscopy = a scope within the body)

gluco-

sugar (gluconeogenesis = the production of glucose)

glyc-

sugar (glycolysis = the breakdown of sugar)

-gram

imaging (arteriogram = imaging study of the arteries)

-graphy

imaging (angiography = visual imaging of the vessels)

enter/entero-

small intestine (enterovirus = virus of the small intestine)

epi-

above (epigastric = above the stomach)

hem/hemat-

blood (hematology = study of blood)

hepat-

liver (hepatitis = inflammation of the liver)

hist-

tissue (histology = a study of the tissue)

hydro

water (hydrocephaly = elevated CSF in the brain)

hyper-

high (hypertension = high blood pressure)

hypo-

low (hypoglycemia = low blood sugar)

-iasis

abnormal condition (cholelithiasis = condition of gallbladder stones)

idio-

unknown (idiopathic = of unknown pathology)

intra-

within (intrarenal = within the kidney)

ipsi-

same (ipsilateral = same side)

-ism

process or condition (hypothyroidism = low thyroid)

-itis

inflammation (endocarditis = inflammation within the heart)

infra-

below (infratentorial = below the tentorium cerebelli)

inter-

between (intercostal = between the ribs)

jaund

yellow (jaundice = yellow condition of the skin)

ket/keto-

ketones (ketoacidosis = a state of acidosis related to ketones)

-kinesis

movement (hypokinesis = decreased movement)

lingu/linguo-

tongue (sublingual = under the tongue)

lip/lipo-

fat (lipolysis = the breakdown of fat)

-lithiasis

presence of stones (cholelithiasis = stones in the gallbladder)

-logy

study of (neurology = study of the brain)

lymph/lympho-

lymph (lymphedema = edema of the lymph system)

macro-

large (macrotubing = tubing that delivers larger drops)

micro-

small (microtubing = tubing that delivers small drops)

mega-

large (megakaryocytes = a large cell of the bone marrow)

-megaly

enlargement (cardiomegaly = enlargement of the heart)

-lysis

breakdown (glycolysis = the breakdown of sugar)

-lytic

breaking down/reducing (anxiolytic = med to reduce anxiety)

melan/melano-

black/dark (melanocyte = cell with dark pigment)

mening-

meninges (meningitis = inflammation of the meninges)

-mimetic

mimic (sympathomimetic = drugs that mimic the SNS)

morph

shape (morphology = study of the structure of an organ or cell)

my/myo-

muscle (myocardium = muscle tissue of the heart)

necr/necro-

death (necrosis = death of tissue)

nephro

kidney (nephrology = study of the kidney)

olig-

scant/very little (oliguria = scant amounts of urine)

pan

all (pan culture = culture everything; urine, sputum, blood, etc…)

para-

two (paraplegia = paralysis in two limbs)

-paresis

weakness (hemiparesis = weakness on one side of the body)

-pathy

disease (cardiomyopathy = disease of the cardiac muscle)

osteo-

bone (osteoblast = cell involved in bone formation)

-oxia

oxygen (hypoxia = low oxygen)

-penia

deficiency (neutropenia = deficiency of white blood cells)

-pepsia

digestion (dyspepsia = abnormal digestion)

peri-

surrounding (perioperative = the period surrounding the operation)

-phagia

swallowing (dysphagia = abnormal swallowing ability)

-phasia

speech (aphasia = without speech)

-pheresis

removal (plateletpheresis = removal of platelets)

-plasia

formation (neoplasia = formation of new tissue)

-plegia/-plegic

paralysis (quadraplegia = paralysis of four limbs)

pneumon-

lungs (pneumonectomy = removal of the lung)

poly-

multiple (polymorphic = multiple shapes)

-prandial

meal (preprandial = before meals)

-ptysis

spitting (hemoptysis = spitting blood)

-pnea/-pneic

breath (tachypneic = fast breathing)

pneumo-

presence of air/gas (pneumothorax = air in pleural space)

pulmon-

lung (pulmonologist = lung specialist)

pyrex-

fever (antipyretic = fever reducing medication)

retro-

behind (retroperitoneal = behind the peritoneal space)

rhabdomyo-

striated muscle (rhabdomyolysis = breakdown of muscle)

-rrhea

flow (rhinorrhea = flow from the nose)

rhin/rhino

nose (rhinitis = inflammation of nasal passages)

-rrhexis

rupture (cardiorrhexis = rupture of the heart wall)

-rrhage

profuse flow/discharge (hemorrhage = excessive bleeding)

-scopy

exam using visual tool (colonoscopy = visual exam of colon)

-sis

condition/state of (acidosis = state of too much acid)

-stasis

control (hemostasis = control of blood)

stenosis

tightening/narrowing (spinal stenosis = narrowing of spinal canal)

sangui-

blood (sanguinous = containing blood)

sclerosis

hardening (atherosclerosis = hardening of the artery)

-stomy/stoma

opening (urostomy = opening to allow passage of urine)

-taxia

coordination (ataxia = a state of being without coordination)

thora

chest (thoracentesis = removal of fluid from the chest/lung)

-uresis

urination (hematuresis = urinating blood)