Chapter 14 - Lymphatic System and Immunity

Which of the following structures is not part of the lymphatic system?

a.thyroid

b.thymus

c.spleen

d.all of the above structures are part of the lymphatic system

a

Which of the following is not a common characteristic shared by blood and lymph capillaries?

a. They are microscopic.

b. They have a layer of endothelium.

c. They have tight-fitting cells in the endothelial layer.

d. All of the above characteristics are shared by blood and lymph capillaries.

c

Which of the following is not a common characteristic shared by blood and lymph vessels?

a.Some contain one-way valves.

b.They contain continually circulating fluid.

c.They have a layer of simple squamous epithelium.

d.All of the above are characteristics shared by blood and lymph vessels.

b

Lymph is formed by:

a.the kidney releasing fluid into the tissue space

b.plasma leaving the capillary

c.pressure on the blood caused by the pumping action of the heart

d.both B and C above

d

The thoracic duct:

a.drains the right upper part of the body

b. drains about one fourth of the body's lymph

c.is the largest lymph vessel in the body

d.all of the above

c

The cisterna chyli:

a. is part of the right lymphatic duct

b. is part of the thoracic duct

c. is a special name given to lymph capillaries in the walls of the small intestine

d. are the lymph vessels inside the spleen

b

The name of the lymphatic vessels in the walls of the small intestine is:

a. lacteals

b. cisterna chili

c. villi

d. none of the above

a

Lymph nodes:

a. have one afferent vessel

b. have several efferent vessels

c. contain phagocytic cells

d. all of the above

c

Lymph can:

a. carry cancer cells that can be trapped in lymph nodes

b. be a possible route for the spread of cancer

c. carry bacteria to lymph nodes

d. all of the above

d

The thymus:

a. helps T lymphocytes mature

b. continues to grow throughout life, peaking in size in late middle age

c.is the largest of the lymphatic structures

d. all of the above

a

Which tonsils are located on either side of the throat?

a. pharyngeal tonsils

b. palatine tonsils

c. adenoids

d. both A and C above

b

Which tonsils are located near the posterior opening of the nasal cavity?

a. pharyngeal tonsils

b. palatine tonsils

c. adenoids

d. both A and C above

d

The spleen:

a. is in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen, lateral to the liver

b. helps filter out bacteria

c. salvages the calcium from old or damaged red blood cells

d. all of the above

d

Heat, one sign of inflammation, is caused by:

a. increased blood flow to the inflamed area

b. increased vessel permeability

c. increased white blood cell concentration

d. all of the above

a

Swelling, one sign of inflammation, is caused by:

a. increased blood flow to the inflamed area

b. increased vessel permeability

c. increased white blood cell concentration

d. all of the above

b

The inflammation response is part of:

a. humoral immunity

b. cell-mediated immunity

c. specific immunity

d. nonspecific immunity

d

Receiving a flu shot to help protect you from getting the flu would be an example of:

a. natural active immunity

b. natural passive immunity

c. artificial active immunity

d. artificial passive immunity

c

The immunity that is passed from mother to fetus is an example of:

a. natural active immunity

b. natural passive immunity

c. artificial active immunity

d. artificial passive immunity

b

If you have had the measles, you cannot get them again. This is an example of:

a. natural active immunity

b. natural passive immunity

c. artificial active immunity

d. artificial passive immunity

a

A person exposed to hepatitis is given a shot of gamma globulin (an antibody against hepatitis) to keep him from coming down with the disease. This is an example of:

a. natural active immunity

b. natural passive immunity

c. artificial active immunity

d. artificial passive immunity

d

An antigen can be a:

a. toxin

b. protein on a cancer cell membrane

c. protein on a bacterial cell membrane

d. all of the above

d

Antigens:

a. are produced by T lymphocytes

b. are produced by B lymphocytes

c. can combine with antibodies

d. both B and C above

c

When an antigen and a complement protein combine:

a. the complement inactivates the antigen

b. it helps kill cells on whose surface complement-binding takes place

c. the complement cascade is initiated

d. both B and C above

d

Complement:

a. consists of a group of protein molecules

b. is activated by antibodies

c. is usually found in an inactive form in the blood

d. all of the above

d

Complement helps kill harmful cells by:

a. "drilling" a hole in the cell membrane

b. causing sodium to rapidly leak out of the cell

c. causing water to rapidly leak out of the cell

d. all of the above

a

Which of the following cells is not a phagocyte?

a. neutrophils

b. lymphocytes

c. macrophages

d. all of the above

b

B cells:

a. spend time developing in the thymus

b. have specific antibodies in their cell membranes

c. are responsible for cell-mediated immunity

d. both A and C above

b

Antigens cause immature B cells to:

a. become T cells

b.become macrophages

c. become plasma cells

d. activate complement

c

Long-term immunity occurs when:

a. T cells form plasma cells

b. neutrophils form plasma cells

c. macrophages form plasma cells

d. B cells form memory cells

d

T cells:

a. spend time developing in the thymus

b. are responsible for cell-mediated immunity

c. respond to antigens by releasing antibodies

d. both A and B above

d

T cells:

a. are important in long-term immunity because they form memory cells

b. can release as many as 2000 antibodies a second

c. can release poisons that can directly kill cells

d. form plasma cells when activated

c

These cells develop into macrophages once in the tissue.

a. monocytes

b. dendritic cells

c. neutrophil

d. memory cell

a

The main function of lacteals is:

a. to return protein to the blood

b. to transport fats to the bloodstream

c. to move lymph to the right lymphatic duct

d. all of the above are functions of the lacteals

b

An important function of lymph nodes is:

a. defense

b. formation of platelets

c. formation of white blood cells

d. both A and C above

d

Which of the following is not true of the thymus gland?

a. Most of the thymus gland is found in the neck.

b. It produces hormones called thymosins.

c. It is the source and maturation site for T cells.

d. It goes through the process of involution in later life.

a

Which of the following is not a function of the spleen?

a. It salvages iron from hemoglobin.

b. It acts as a reservoir for blood.

c. It is a site for the maturation of B cells.

d. It destroys worn out red blood cells.

c

Which of the following is not part of the body's nonspecific immunity?

a. antibodies

b. the skin

c. tears

d. phagocytosis

a

Compliment-binding sites are located on:

a. antigens

b. antibodies

c. B cells

d. T cells

b

Lymphocytes can be found in:

a. lymph nodes

b. the thymus

c. the liver

d. all of the above

d

What type of fluid is called lymph when it enters a lymph vessel?

a. serum

b. interstitial fluid

c. serous fluid

d. blood plasma

b

Antibodies are important in what type of immune response?

a. humoral immunity

b. cell-mediated immunity

c. Innate immunity

d. the inflammation response

a

Which of the following is not a role of complement in the immune system?

a. increasing the permeability of blood vessels

b. attracting immune cells to the site of infection

c. marking foreign cells for destruction

d. all of the above are roles of complement in the immune system

d

Lymph flowing through the lymphatic capillaries moves into larger vessels called:

a. lymphatic venules

b. lymphatic arterioles

c. lymphatic arteries

d. both b and c

a

Lymph nodes can be

a. single cells

b. the size of a pinhead

c. the size of a lima bean

d. both b and c above

d

Lymph nodes:

a. always have more efferent vessels than afferent vessels

b. always have more afferent vessels than efferent vessels

c. usually have the same number of afferent and efferent vessels

d. have various ratios of afferent and efferent vessels depending on their location

b

When T cells leave the thymus they can go to:

a. the spleen

b. the tonsils

c. lymph nodes

d. all of the above

d

Tonsils at the base of the tongue are called:

a. palatine tonsils

b. adenoids

c. lingual tonsils

d. pharyngeal tonsils

c

The largest lymphoid organ in the body is the:

a. spleen

b. palatine tonsils

c. thymus

d. cisterna chyli

a

The spleen has a very rich blood supply and may contain:

a. 5 liters of blood

b. 1 liter of blood

c. 500 mL of blood

d. 100 mL of blood

c

The function of the immune system is to protect the body from:

a. disease-causing bacteria

b. transplanted foreign tissue

c. body cells that have become malignant or cancerous

d. all of the above

d

Nonspecific immunity is often called

a. the inflammatory response

b. in-bone immunity

c. innate immunity

d. T-cell-mediated immunity

c

This is not true of specific immunity:

a. reacts faster than nonspecific immunity

b. has a memory ability

c. produces a stronger response than nonspecific immunity

d. all of the above are true of specific immunity

a

Which of the following structures are part of the lymphatic system?

a.thyroid

b.thymus

c.spleen

d. both B & C

d

Which of the following is common characteristic shared by blood and lymph vessels?

a.Some contain one-way valves.

b.They contain continually circulating fluid.

c.They have a layer of simple squamous epithelium.

d. both A & C

d

Which of the following is a common characteristic shared by blood and lymph capillaries?

a.They are microscopic.

b.They have a layer of endothelium.

c.They have tight-fitting cells in the endothelial layer.

d. Both A & B

d