Organic Chem Exam 1

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Last updated 6:55 PM on 9/9/26
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39 Terms

1
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What is a carbonyl?

general term for compound that contains a c=o group

2
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Draw an Aldehyde

carbonyl bond with one hydrogen and a R group

<p>carbonyl bond with one hydrogen and a R group</p>
3
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Aldehyde

4
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Keytone

5
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Draw a keytone

carbonyl with two R groups

<p>carbonyl with two R groups</p>
6
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Carboxylic acids

7
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Draw a carboxylic acid

carbonyl with one R group and an OH group

<p>carbonyl with one R group and an OH group</p>
8
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Esters

9
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Draw an Ester

carbonyl with one R group, an O connected to another R group

<p>carbonyl with one R group, an O connected to another R group</p>
10
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<p>What functional group is this?</p>

What functional group is this?

Amides

11
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Draw an Amide

carbonyl with one R group and one N group

<p>carbonyl with one R group and one N group</p>
12
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Acid chlorides (Acyl chlorides)

13
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Draw an Acid chloride (acyl chloride)

carbonyl with one R group and one Cl group

<p>carbonyl with one R group and one Cl group</p>
14
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Haloalkanes

15
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Draw a haloalkane

an organic molecule with a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I)

<p>an organic molecule with a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I)</p>
16
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Alcohols

17
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Draw a primary, secondary, and tertiary Alcohol

C-OH molecules

<p>C-OH molecules </p>
18
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Ethers

19
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Draw an Ether

R-O-R molecule

<p>R-O-R molecule</p>
20
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Amines

21
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Draw a primary, secondary, and tertiary Amine

C-N molecules

<p>C-N molecules</p>
22
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Nitriles

23
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Draw a Nitrile

R-C=-N

<p>R-C=-N</p>
24
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<p>Which functional group is this?</p>

Which functional group is this?

Nitro group

25
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Draw a Nitro group

R-NO2

<p>R-NO<sub>2</sub></p>
26
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Alkanes

saturated carbons

<p>saturated carbons </p>
27
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Alkenes

contains carbon-carbon double bonds

<p>contains carbon-carbon double bonds </p>
28
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Alkynes

carbon-carbon triple bonds

<p>carbon-carbon triple bonds </p>
29
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Aromatics (cyclic)

alternating single and double bonds

<p>alternating single and double bonds </p>
30
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which hybridization happens with four separate bonds ?

sp3

31
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which hybridization happens with three separate bonds ? (a double bond involved)

sp2

32
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which hybridization happens with 2 separate bonds ? (triple bond involved)

sp

33
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Bronsted acid

donates a proton (H+)

34
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Bronsted Base

accepts a proton (H+)

35
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Organic Acids

acidic H directly connected to electronegative heteroatoms like O and N

<p>acidic H directly connected to electronegative heteroatoms like O and N</p>
36
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Organic bases

contain unpaired electrons such as on O and N (can be neutral or - atom)

<p>contain unpaired electrons such as on O and N (can be neutral or - atom)</p>
37
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Lewis acid

  • accepts an electron pair

  • commonly BF3, AlCl3, FeBr3

  • trigonal planar with empty p orbital to accept electrons


<ul><li><p>accepts an electron pair</p></li><li><p>commonly BF3, AlCl3, FeBr3</p></li><li><p>trigonal planar with empty p orbital to accept electrons </p></li></ul><p></p>
38
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Lewis bases

  • donates an electron pair

  • any atom with lone pairs such as O, N, and S


<ul><li><p>donates an electron pair</p></li><li><p>any atom with lone pairs such as O, N, and S</p></li></ul><p></p>
39
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Lewis acid-base reactions

  • Lewis acid-base adduct

  • In organic reactions we use the terms electrophile and nucleophile

  • Electrophile: The species that accepts the electrons

  • Nucleophile: The species that donates the electrons


<ul><li><p>Lewis acid-base adduct</p></li><li><p><span>In organic reactions we use the terms electrophile and nucleophile</span></p></li><li><p><span>Electrophile: The species that accepts the electrons</span></p></li><li><p><span>Nucleophile: The species that donates the electrons</span></p></li></ul><p></p>