Lesson 2 Anatomy of Cerebrum

CSD 380

The central nervous system is covered with a _____ serving important protective and nutritive functions.

Triple-layer meningeal lining

Outermost meningeal lining

Dura Mater

Middle meningeal lining

Arachnoid Mater

Inner meningeal lining

Pia Mater

What are the functions of the meningeal linings?

Protect the brain, hold structures in place for movement and provides support for structures by holding brain in fluid suspension.

Space between the arachnoid and pia mater that contains cerebrospinal fluid

Subarachnoid space

1

Pia Mater

2

Arachnoid Mater

3

Dura Mater

Provides a cushion for delicate and dense neural tissue, allows for nutrient delivery, and assists with waste removal

Cerebrospinal Fluid

The ___ of the brain are spaces within the brain through which cerebrospinal fluid flows.

Ventricles

How many cavities are within the system of ventricles?

4

1

Lateral Ventricles

2

Interventricular Foramen

3

Third Ventricle

4

Fourth Ventricle

Within each ventricle is a _____, an aggregate of tissue that produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Choroid Plexus

The cerebrum is seperated into two cerebral hemispheres, what is the outermost layer of the cerebrum?

Cortex

What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

Frontal, temporal, parietal, & occipital

The frontal lobe is made of what structures?

Prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, primary motor strip, and broca’s area (speech production & articulation)

What are three functions of the frontal lobe?

Planning, initiation, inhibition, cognitive function, motor function, & expressive language

What structures make up the temporal lobe?

Primary auditory cortex (Heschl’s gyrus) & Wernicke’s area (language comprehension)

What are the functions of the temporal lobe?

Auditory reception & receptive language processing

What structures make up the parietal lobe?

Primary sensory cortex, supramarginal gyrus, & angular gyrus

What are the functions of the parietal lobe?

Sensory reception, visuospatial processing, & reading/writing

What structure make up the occipital lobe?

Primary visual cortex

What are the functions of the occipital lobe?

Visual perception

Gyri is described as the ___ on the surface of the cerebral cortex that elevates ridges of tissue.

Peaks

Sulci is described as the ___ on the cerebral cortex that separates gyri.

Shallow valleys

Fissure is described as the ___ on the cerebral cortex that separates larger regions of the brain.

Deep valleys

A deep groove that runs along the midline of the cortex, separating the two cerebral hemispheres.

Longitudinal fissure

Separates the frontal lobe from the parietal and the temporal lobe. Damage above the parietal and frontal lobe causes speech production deficits.

Sylvian Fissure

Separates the frontal and parietal lobes, also known to go ear to ear.

Rolandic fissure

Representation of structure to function along motor and sensory strips

Homunculus

Located deep to a region of the cerebrum, is needed for motor speech planning and perception of taste.

Insula