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Absurdism
a cultural and philosophical movement characterized by a focus on the experiences of the individual and a rejection of traditional societal norms and values
Blockbuster Film
a film that is highly anticipated and typically has a large budget, with the expectation of achieving significant commercial success
Block Booking
a practice in the early film industry in which theatre owners were required to book large blocks of films, often including low-quality "B" movies, in order to secure the rights to show more popular films
Calabash films
a type of West African film characterized by their use of indigenous storytelling techniques and their focus on local culture and traditions
Commedia dell'árte
a form of improvisational theatre that originated in Italy in the 16th century and is characterized by its use of stock characters and scenarios
Doctrine of Socialist Realism
a cultural and artistic policy that was enforced in the Soviet Union beginning in the 1930s and 1940s, which called for the creation of works that promote the values and goals of socialism
Europudding
a term used to describe a film that combines elements from multiple European cultures or film styles, often in an effort to appeal to a wider international audience. The result is often bland and generic
Existentialism
a philosophical movement that emphasizes individual freedom and choice and the search for meaning in a seemingly meaningless world. "Life has no meaning so I will create meaning"
Nihilism
a philosophical movement that denies the existence of objective meaning or morality and sees life as essentially meaningless. Traditions and expectations mean little
Leitmotif
a recurring musical or sound theme that is associated with a specific character, event, or idea in a film
Oberhausen Manifesto
a declaration made by a group of young German filmmakers in 1962, calling for a radical reinvention of German cinema
Pure Cinema
A term that refers to the idea of cinema as an art form that can convey emotions and ideas solely through visual means, without relying on other art forms such as literature or theatre
