Human Nutrition

Flashcards covering key concepts and terms related to human nutrition.

Nutrients

Substances that provide energy, structure, or regulation to the body.

Macronutrients

Nutrients required in large amounts, including carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Micronutrients

Nutrients needed in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.

Carbohydrates

Sugars, starches, and fibers important for energy and fecal bulk.

Glycemic Index

A measure of how a food affects blood glucose levels.

High GI food

Foods that cause a spike and crash in blood glucose.

Low GI food

Foods that result in a small increase in blood glucose without a crash.

Lipids

Fats and oils that are important for energy, insulation, hormones, and vitamin D.

Trans Fats

Chemically produced fats that can raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol levels.

Essential Amino Acids

Amino acids that cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from food.

Complete Protein Sources

Foods containing all essential amino acids, primarily found in most meats and dairy.

Major Minerals

Minerals required by the body in larger amounts, such as calcium and potassium.

Water Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that dissolve in water and are not stored in the body, such as Vitamin C and B vitamins.

Fat Soluble Vitamins

Vitamins that are stored in the body's fatty tissue, including Vitamins A, D, E, and K.

Dietary Guidelines

Recommendations for dietary habits, updated every five years by health authorities.

Nutrition Labels

Labels that indicate the nutritional value and serving size of food products.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measurement that compares weight to height to assess body weight status.

Calories

Units of energy that are needed for metabolic functions and activity.

Reliable Nutrition and Health Websites

Trusted sources for accurate nutrition and health information, such as WebMD and Mayo Clinic.