Caroline Dalton

What does innate immunity include ? (proteins)

Compliment

Cytokines

What are the 6 beneficial molecules in plasma?

1. Clotting factors

2. Antibodies

3. Compliment proteins

4. Nutrients

5. Lysozymes

6. Transferrin

when does plasma leakage occur?

During inflammation

What allows plasma leakage occur?

Capillary permeability allows plasma to leak into tissues

Benefits of plasma leakage? (6)

1. Clots form localising the infection

2. Antibodies enter the tissue

3. Activation of complement pathways

4. Nutrients enter tissue

5. Lysozymes enter the tissue and degrade microbes

6. Transferrin enters to deprive microbes of iron

What is complement?

Biochemical cascade that helps antibodies to clear pathogens or mark them for destruction.

What is special about compliment (2)

1. Composed of 30 small plasma proteins

2. Can be activated independently of antibodies

Functions of complement (5)

1. recruits inflammatory cells

2. Chemotactically attracts phagocytes

3. opsonisation of pathogens

4. Disrupts plasma membrane of infected cells

5. Clearance of antigen-antibody complexes

what are the 3 complement pathways?

1. classic

2. Alternate

3. Mannose-binding lectin

What do all complement pathways produce?

C3 convertase

How is the classic complement pathway activated?

By antibodies

How is the alternative complement pathway activated?

Activated by pathogens

How is the mannose-binding lectin pathway activated?

by mannose-binding lectin binding to mannose on the surface of a pathogen

What does the classical complement pathway do?

1. Promotes opsonisation

2. Promote inflammatory responses

3. Membrane Attack Complex

What does the alternative complement and mannose-binding lectin pathway do?

Same as the classical pathway