Constitution Test

First Amendment

It protects the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition from government interference.

Second Amendment

Protects the right to keep and bear arms.

Third Amendment

Protects against quartering of soldiers in private homes.

Fourth Amendment

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Fifth Amendment

Protects the rights of individuals in criminal cases, including the right to due process and protects against self-incrimination and double jeopardy.

Sixth Amendment

Guarantees the right to a fair trial, including the right to counsel, an impartial jury, and the right to confront witnesses.

Seventh Amendment

The Seventh Amendment guarantees that you have the right to a jury trail where 12 impartial peers decide whether your innocent or guilt within the courtroom, as opposed to a judge doing it alone.

Eighth Amendment

Protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Ninth Amendment

This amendment protects rights not specifically enumerated in the Constitution, ensuring that individuals retain other fundamental rights.

Tenth Amendment

Affirms that powers not delegated to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people.

What does the Legislative Branch do?

makes laws

What does the Executive Branch do?

enforces laws

What does the Judicial Branch do?

interprets laws

what else is the Legislative Branch known as?

congress

what’s another name for the executive branch?

president & vice president

what is the judicial branch also known as?

the supreme court

how many senates & house of representatives are under the legislative branch?

two senates per state & house of representatives are based on the state’s population

what are three requirements for representatives?

you must be 25 years old, have been a u.s citizen for 7 years & live in the state you wish to represent

what are three requirements for senates?

you must be 30 years old, have been a U.S. citizen for 9 years & live in the state you wish to represent

what is the term for a senate & a representative?

six years for senates & two years for representatives

total representatives?

There are 435 total representatives in the U.S. House of Representatives, based on the population of each state.

total senates?

There are 100 total senators in the U.S. Senate, with each state having two senators.

requirements for executive branch?

Must be a natural-born citizen, at least 35 years old, and a resident for 14 years.

what is the number of terms for the executive branch?

4 years

total judicial branch?

nine

who appointed the judicial branch?

the president

who approves the judicial branch?

the senate

what are the requirements for the judicial branch?

none

veto

when the president rejects a proposed law

bill

a proposed law

appeal

ask a higher court to review a case

what is the legislative house called?

the capitol

what is the executives house called?

the white house

what is the judicial house called

the supreme court

how does the executive branch check the legislative branch?

can veto bills, call special session & can make treaties

how does the executive branch check the judicial branch?

can appoint judges and grant pardons

how does the legislative branch check the executive branch?

can override a veto, declare war, controls the budget & can impeach & remove

how does the legislative branch check the judicial branch?

confirms justices, can impeach & remove & amend & change the constitution

how does the judicial branch check the executive branch?

can declare executive actions unconstitutional

how does the judicial branch check the legislative branch?

can declare laws unconstitutional

what were the weakness of the articles of confederation?

congress couldn’t tax, congress couldn’t regulate trade, no executive branch, states could print their own currency, couldn’t make the states follow the articles & all 13 states had to agree to change the document

anti-federalist

opposed the Constitution and sought to protect states' rights.

federalists

supported the Constitution and favored a strong national government.

ratify

to approve

separation of powers

the three branches of government, to prevent any of the branches becoming too powerful

checks & balances

each branch of government can check or limit the power of the other branches

popular sovereignty

the power comes from the consent of the people, if the government goes against them they can change the government

limited government

a government’s power is restricted by law in order to protect individual rights

what was the articles of confederation?

america’s first government

what was the philadelphia convention

meets in 1787, state representatives create a new government rather than fix the articles of confederation

what was The Virginia plan? who created it?

based representation in congress on each state’s population, gave large states more power, proposed by James Madison

what was The New Jersey plan? who created it?

representation in congress is equal for all states, gave small states more power

what was the Great Comproise

solved the debate between large & small states

senates- 2 per state & house of representatives- based on population, satisfies large & small states

what was the 3/5th compromise?

placated the Southern states, counted enslaved men & women as 3/5 of a person

who’s known as “the father of the constitution” why is he called that?

James Madison, because he wrote most of it

under the articles of confederation, who had the most power?

the states

why did the articles of confederation create a weak central government?

the states feared a strong government would threaten their independence

how were the laws passed under the articles of confederation?

a unanimous vote by all 13 states

who wouldn’t sign the constitution until there was a bill of rights to protect the people?

George Mason

states have power to make laws & contradict federal laws (true or false)

false

what is republicanism?

a form of government where citizens are represented by elected officials

what is federalism?

a power that’s shared by the national state governments

who argued for a strong national government?

Alexander Hamilton

why was the constitution established?

to create national government, ensuring stability, justice, common defense, and the protection of individual rights.

what can congress do?

what can’t congress do?

make laws that violate the Constitution, impose taxes on exports, or favor one state over another.

what can the president do?

The president can execute federal laws, command the military, and conduct foreign relations.

what crimes would cause the president to be removed from office?

if they’re impeached & convicted of treason (going against their nation) , bribery & other crimes

which courts make up the judicial branch?

the supreme court & other small courts created by congress (federal courts)

treason

treason against the united states means to go against them, make war against them or helping their enemies.

what happens if a person commits a crime in one state but gets caught in another?

they can be sent back to where they commit the crime

which branch can admit new states into the untied states?

legislative branch/congress

do governments have to take a religious test before serving?

no

how many states must ratify/approve the constitution?

nine states

how is an amendment to the constitution proposed?

by two thirds of the house of representatives/the senate agree, congress can call a convention to propose amendments if two thirds of state legislatures request it

how is an amendment ratified?

if it’s approved by ¾ of the conventions or state legislatures in the states, congress will then choose if the ratification occurs through conventions or state legislatures