Microorganisms, Pathogens, and Waste Management in Microbiology

What are pathogens?

Microorganisms that cause disease, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

What are the three methods to reduce or kill microorganisms?

Sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization.

At what temperature is water sanitized?

180°F (82°C).

What does the suffix '-cide' indicate?

It indicates that a substance kills microorganisms.

What is the difference between '-static' and '-cidal'?

'-static' suppresses microorganisms, while '-cidal' kills them.

What are the two categories of waste related to microorganisms?

1) General waste (e.g., soiled bedding, carcasses of healthy animals) and 2) Hazardous waste (e.g., toxic chemicals, infectious organisms, sharps, radioactive materials).