Introduction to Psychology

This set of flashcards covers key concepts, definitions, and historical figures in the field of psychology as introduced in the lecture.

Psychology

The scientific study of mental processes and behaviors.

Curiosity

A strong desire to learn or know something.

American Psychological Association (APA)

The leading scientific and professional organization representing psychology in North America.

Structuralism

An early approach to psychology focusing on breaking down mental experiences into smaller parts.

Functionalism

An approach to psychology that emphasizes the purpose of mental processes and behaviors.

Behaviorism

A psychological approach focusing only on observable behaviors, ignoring internal mental processes.

Psychodynamic Approach

An approach focusing on how childhood experiences and unconscious motivations affect thoughts and behaviors.

Cognitive Approach

An approach that studies internal mental processes such as memory, decision making, and problem-solving.

Diversity

The inclusion of different types of people in a group or organization, emphasizing various backgrounds and perspectives.

Humanistic Approach

A psychological perspective that emphasizes personal growth and the concept of self-actualization.

Sociocultural Approach

An approach that considers how social dynamics and cultural backgrounds influence mental processes and behaviors.

Replicability

The ability of a study or experiment to be repeated with the same results.

Integration

The process of combining different psychological perspectives and methodologies to enhance understanding.

Intersectionality

A concept that explores how different social identities overlap and affect individuals' experiences.

Ethics in Psychology

The moral principles guiding research and practice in psychology to ensure the welfare of participants.

Ebonics

A term referring to a variety of English spoken by some African Americans, highlighting its legitimacy as a dialect.

Historical Prejudice in Psychology

The systemic biases and discriminatory practices that have affected the discipline and its research.

Wilhelm Wundt

Considered the founder of psychology as a separate scientific field, he established the first psychology lab in 1879.

Carl Rogers

A key figure in humanistic psychology, known for developing person-centered therapy that promotes self-acceptance.

Ivan Pavlov

A Russian physiologist known for his work in behaviorism, particularly the study of conditioning in dogs.