Nuclear Proliferation and Iran's Nuclear Program

These flashcards cover key concepts related to nuclear proliferation, debates around Iran's nuclear program, and major arguments in the ongoing discourse about nuclear weapons.

Nuclear proliferation

The spread of nuclear weapons and technology to countries not recognized as nuclear weapon states.

Deterrence

The theory that states with nuclear weapons are deterred from engaging in war due to the catastrophic consequences.

Iran's nuclear program

Controversial efforts by Iran to develop nuclear technology, raising concerns about nuclear weapons capability.

Kenneth Waltz's argument

Waltz argues that nuclear proliferation can be stabilizing, as more states with nuclear weapons might lead to greater caution instead of increased conflict.

Criticism of Waltz

Critics argue that assuming all states act rationally overlooks the possibility of irrational behavior, particularly in authoritarian regimes.

Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA)

An agreement negotiated to limit Iran's nuclear program in return for sanctions relief, which faced criticisms and eventually was abandoned by the U.S.

Pariah states

Countries that are considered outlaws on the international stage, often due to aggressive or inhumane policies.

Black market for nuclear technology

The illegal trade of nuclear weapons technology, highlighted by the actions of Pakistani scientist Abdul Qadir Khan.

Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)

An international treaty aimed at preventing the spread of nuclear weapons and promoting cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy.

Diplomacy and sanctions

Strategies employed to influence a state's actions regarding nuclear weapons, often complicated by resistance, as seen with North Korea.