Chemistry Unit 1 Test September 16th

Matter

made up of particles, has mass, and volume

atom

particle that makes up matter

mass

amount of matter

volume

how much space matter takes up

2 types of matter

pure substance, mixture

pure substance

has definite composition

2 types of pure substances

element and compound

mixture

made up of 2 or more pure substances PHYSICALLY COMBINED

2 types of mixtures

homogenous mixtures, heterogenous mixtures

homogenous mixture

components are uniformly distributed at the molecular level (mixed uniformly)

special type of homogenous mixture

solution

solution

a liquid mixture in which the solute is uniformly distributed within the solvent

solute

minor component of solution, is being dissolved

solvent

major component of solution, does the dissolving

heterogenous mixture

has a non-uniform composition, meaning its parts are not evenly distributed and are often visible to the naked eye

element

a pure substance containing only one kind of atom

compound

a pure substance containing two or more kinds of elements

Matter that has uniform properties is called a

pure substance

Matter that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances is called an

element

Matter that can be simplified chemically is called a

compound

Matter that does not have uniform properties is called a

mixture

Matter that is uniform throughout is called a

homogenous mixture

Matter that is not uniform throughout is called a

heterogenous mixture

endothermic

absorbs energy

exothermic

releases energy

intensive properties

physical properties that do not depend on amount of matter present

extensive properties

physical properties that do depend on amount of matter present

Extensive properties examples

Mass, width, height, volume

Physical Change Definition

Change in appearance, change in how it looks

Physical Change Types

Dissolves, phase changes (s, l, g)

Physical Property Definition

Describing, senses

2 Types of Physical Properties

Intensive and Extensive

Physical Property examples

malleable, luster, ductile, color, conductivity, texture, odor, melting point (0C), boiling point (100C)

solid

has definite shape and definite volume

liquid

Has fluidity. Particles touching but allowed to move around.

gas

Particles allowed to move around and is compressible

A-B

Solid

B

melting point (0C)

B→C

melting

way to remember melting and freezing points

mf

C→B

freezing

C

freezing point

C-D

liquid

D

boiling point (100C)

D→E

evaporation

E→D

condensation

E-F

gas

chemical change definition

change in composition

chemical property

how it reacts

chemical change examples

flash of light, ash, precipitate, producing gas, temperature change

Is density intensive or extensive?

Intensive

chemical property examples

flammability, combustion, corrosion, irritability

density formula

d = m/v

how to read graduated cylinder

volume is higher water level minus lower water level (usually in milliliters, mL)