Founding thinkers

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Aristotle

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1

Aristotle

Separated the study of policyโ€™s from the study of philosophy

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2

Nicole Machiavelli

-Emphasize the use of empirical knowledge to help develop state craft and help rulers stay in power

- right and wrong irrelevant

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3

Thomas Hobbe

Social contract = people should completely surrender liberties to powerful states and exchange for law and order

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4

John Locke

-Private property essential to individual freedom and prosperity

- favored a weak state

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5

Baron de Montesquieu

Separation of powers

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6

Jean Rousseau

People = noble savages corrupt by civilization

Communal rule / pure democracy

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7

Karl Marx

Politics driven by economic forces

Capitalism / democracy will collapse and be replaced by communism

Government eventually unnecessary once quality is established

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8

Max Weber

State = organization that maintains a monopoly on violence within a defined territory

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