Jaw and Tongue Muscles in Instrumental Phonetics

Flashcards covering key terms and definitions related to jaw and tongue muscles as discussed in the lecture on instrumental phonetics.

Jaw Muscles

Muscles critical for mastication (chewing) and speech, categorized into elevators and depressors.

Masseter Muscle

A primary jaw muscle that elevates the mandible, originating from the zygomatic arch.

Temporal Fossa

A shallow depression on the lateral side of the skull that serves as the origin of the temporalis muscle.

Temporalis Muscle

A muscle that elevates and retracts the mandible, with its origin in the temporal fossa.

Medial Pterygoid Muscle

Originates from the sphenoid, palatine, and maxilla; elevates the mandible.

Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

Controls side-to-side movement of the jaw and aids in the protrusion of the mandible.

Digastric Muscle (anterior belly)

A jaw depressor muscle that assists in lowering the mandible.

Genioglossus Muscle

Extrinsic tongue muscle that protracts and depresses the tongue, originating from the mental spine of the mandible.

Palatoglossus Muscle

Extrinsic tongue muscle that elevates the tongue and assists in constricting the oropharyngeal isthmus.

Hyoglossus Muscle

Extrinsic tongue muscle that pulls the tongue down and back, originating from the greater horn of the hyoid bone.

Styloglossus Muscle

Originates from the styloid process of the temporal bone; traditionally raises and retracts the tongue.