vocab

What did the 17th Amendment establish?

The direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.

What is an assembly line?

A manufacturing process in which a product is assembled in a series of steps, each performed by a different worker or machine.

Who was Booker T. Washington?

An African American educator and advocate for vocational education and economic advancement.

What does buying on credit mean?

Purchasing goods or services by borrowing money with the agreement to pay it back later.

What was the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)?

A New Deal program that employed young men in environmental conservation projects.

What is deficit spending?

Spending more money than is received in revenue, often to stimulate economic growth.

What does FDIC stand for?

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

What was Hull House?

A settlement house founded by Jane Addams providing social services and education to immigrants.

What does inflation refer to?

The rate at which the general level of prices for goods and services rises.

Who was John D. Rockefeller?

An American business magnate and philanthropist who co-founded the Standard Oil Company.

What is laissez-faire?

An economic philosophy that opposes government intervention and promotes minimal business regulation.

What defines a monopoly?

A market structure where a single seller dominates the supply of a product, limiting competition.

What does the term muckraker mean?

Journalists who exposed corruption and social injustices in the early 20th century.

What was the New Deal?

A series of programs implemented by FDR in response to the Great Depression.

What is philanthropy?

The desire to promote the welfare of others through donations to charitable causes.

What did the Populist movement seek to represent?

The interests of ordinary people against the elite or establishment.

What was Prohibition?

The period during which the production and sale of alcoholic beverages were banned in the U.S.

What did the Pure Food and Drug Act aim to do?

Prevent the manufacture and sale of misbranded food and drugs.

What is a referendum?

A direct vote by the electorate on a particular proposal or law.

What was the Scopes Trial?

A legal case in which a teacher was tried for teaching human evolution, highlighting the conflict with religious beliefs.

What year was the 17th Amendment ratified?

How did the assembly line impact productivity?

It increased efficiency and productivity in manufacturing.

What educational approach did Booker T. Washington advocate for African Americans?

Vocational education.

What can result from buying on credit?

Accrual of debt and interest payments.

When was the Civilian Conservation Corps established?

What is a characteristic of deficit spending?

Government spends more than its revenue.

What does enrollment in FDIC provide?

Insurance for bank deposits.

What type of services did Hull House provide?

Social services, education, and cultural activities.

How does inflation affect purchasing power?

It erodes purchasing power.

What industry did John D. Rockefeller revolutionize?

The oil industry.

What market philosophy is associated with laissez-faire?

Free-market capitalism without government intervention.

What is the effect of a monopoly on prices?

It can limit competition and control prices.

What impact did muckrakers have on society?

They exposed corruption and led to reforms.

What was one major aim of the New Deal?

To promote economic recovery.

What is one example of philanthropy?

Donating money to a charity.

What was a key feature of the Populist movement?

Opposition to established elites.

What legislation initiated Prohibition?

The 18th Amendment.

What motivated the Pure Food and Drug Act?

To ensure safe food and drug manufacturing and sales.

What landmark was established due to the referendum process?

Direct voting on specific legislative proposals.

What major issue did the Scopes Trial highlight?

The conflict between science and religion in education.