AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURES

Slaughterhouse

(PAES 411:2000) any building or place used for killing of animals where the flesh is intended for human consumption

Stunning pen

(PAES 411:2000) Compartment which is suitable for confining only one animal at a time while it is being stunned and which is so constructed as to confine, without discomfort, to prevent any substantial movement of the animal forward, backward or sideway.

Stunning

(PAES 411:2000) Renders an animal insensible before it is killed

Pithing

(PAES 411:2000) Insertion of a rod or coiled wiree through the hole in the skull of cattle made by the captive blot to destroy the brain and spinal cord to prevent reflex muscular action and possible injury to operatives

Sticking

(PAES 411:2000) Severance of the major blood vessels in the neck or immediately anterior to the heart by means of a knife and “stuck” shall be construed accordingly.

Bleeding

(PAES 411:2000) Remove as much blood from the carcass as possible before further handling

Scalding

(PAES 411:2000) Lowering of animal into steam to prepare skin for dehairing

Dehairing

(PAES 411:2000) removal of the hair of the carcass

Gambrelling

(PAES 411:2000) Suspending the carcass for particular operation

Singeing

(PAES 411:2000) Cleaning the carcass by burning the hair

Evisceration

(PAES 411:2000) Process of removing the internal organs in the abdominal and thoracic cavities

Dressing

(PAES 411:2000) Preparation of carcass after evisceration, ready for storage or sale.

Splitting

(PAES 411:2000) Dividing carcass into parts.

Carcass

(PAES 411:2000) All parts including viscera of slaughtered cattle, sheep, goats or swine that may be used for human consumption.

Meat

(PAES 411:2000) Edible part of the muscle of cattle, sheep, goats or swine.

offal

(PAES 411:2000) Part of internal organs of a slaughtered animal

Green offal

(PAES 411:2000) Digestive tract of ruminants such as the stomach, or the intestines which still contain fecal matter.

Black offal

(PAES 411:2000) Digestive tract of swine such as the stomach, or the intestines which still contain fecal matter

Detained meat

(PAES 411:2000) Meat requiring further examination as declared by a veterinary inspector after veterinary examination

Condemned meat

(PAES 411:2000) Meat which is unfit for human consumption as declared by a veterinary inspector after veterinary examination

Gut and tripe

(PAES 411:2000) black or green offal

A

(PAES 411:2000) Slaughterhouse with required facilities and operational procedures to serve local markets in the community.

AA

(PAES 411:2000) Slaughterhouse with required facilities and operational procedures to serve local markets within the country.

AAA

(PAES 411:2000) Slaughterhouse with required facilities and operational procedures to serve any market

Milking Parlor

(PAES 409:2002) Building or a portion of building where milking occurs but where no animals are housed

Holding area

(PAES 409:2002) Area provided to accommodate animals before milking.

Back-out stall

(PAES 409:2002) Type of stall where animals must back up to exit the stall.

Walk-through

(PAES 409:2002) Type of stalls that allows the animals to proceed directly forward after milking is completed.

Carcass

(PAES 412:2002) Body of dressed birds

Dressing

(PAES 412:2002) Proces composed of bleeding, defeathering, eviscerating, and from which the head, shanks, crop, oil gland and other inedible parts are removed.

Offal

(PAES 412:2002) By-products, organs, glands and tissue other than meat of the food animal

Shackling

(PAES 412:2002) Process of restraining birds prior to slitting

Trench drain

(PAES 412:2002) Trough that collects the waste from a larger area and directs the flow to a drain opening

Biogas plant

(PAES 413:2001) plant used to process animal wastes or manure to produce biogas and sludge consisting of an inlet/mixing tank, digester, gas chamber and outlet/sludge tank

Integrated plant

(PAES 413:2001) Biogas plant where the digester and gas chamber form one unit

Split-type plant

(PAES 413:2001) digester and gas chamber form separate units

Multi-digester plant

(PAES 413:2001) plant with series of digesters

Floating type

(PAES 413:2001) plant consisting of digester and a moving, floating gasholder that either float directly in the fermenting slurry or in a separate water jacket

Fixed type

(PAES 413:2001) closed digester with an immovable, rigid gas chamber and a displacement pit

Balloon type

(PAES 413:2001) plant consisting of a heat-sealed plastic or rubber bag (balloon), combining digester and gasholder

Collecting tank

(PAES 413:2001) chamber where manure and water are collected, stored and separated from heavy and non-biodegradable materials before feeding them into the digester

Inlet pipe

(PAES 413:2001) serves as conveyor of the manure-water mixture or slurry from the mixing tank to the digester

digester

(PAES 413:2001) any water and air tight container designed for the process of anaerobic microbiological degradation of organic matter into which the slurry is introduced for digestion and methanization

Baffle board

(PAES 413:2001) division in the digester that prevent the slurry from premature exit into the sludge/outlet tank

Stirrer

(PAES 413:2001) mechanical device inside the digester used to stir the slurry

Gas chamber

(PAES 413:2001) space inside or outside the digester for the collection and storage of biogas

gasholder retainer

(PAES 413:2001) cantilever beam that holds the gasholder/movable cover in position at the desired biogas pressure

Outlet pipe

(PAES 413:2001) serves as conveyor where the effluent or the slurry is forced out

backfill

(PAES 413:2001) layer of compacted soil and gravel to support the digester wall

Loading rate

(PAES 413:2001) amount of slurry fed per unit volume of digester capacity per day

Substrate

(PAES 413:2001) organic material used to produce biogas

seeding

(PAES 413:2001) adding or introducing anaerobic bacteria to the digester

Slurry

(PAES 413:2001) mixture of manure and water

Freeboard

(PAES 413:2001) difference in height between the digester wall and the filling line

Filling line

(PAES 413:2001) level of slurry when the digesters is at full load

Retention time

(PAES 413:2001) average period that a given quantity of slurry is retained in the digester for digestion

Toxic materials

(PAES 413:2001) materials that inhibit the normal growth of pathogens in the digester such as mineral ions, heavy metals and detergents

methanization

(PAES 413:2001) various processes that take place among the methanogens, non-methanogens and substrates fed into the digester as inputs

methanogens

(PAES 413:2001) anaerobic bacteria that act upon organic materials and in the process, produce biogas

Gas production rate

(PAES 413:2001) amount of biogas produced per day per cubic meter of slurry

biogas

(PAES 413:2001) mixture of gas (composed of 50 to 70 percent methane and 30 to 40 percent carbon dioxide) produced by methanogenic bacteria

scum

(PAES 413:2001) layer of floating material (mainly fibrous) on the slurry

sludge

(PAES 413:2001) settled portion or precipitate of the slurry; a mud-like, semi-solid mass

effluent

(PAES 413:2001) residue that comes out at the outlet after the substrate is digested/processed inside the digester

Tissue culture

(PAES 416:2002) growth of protoplasts, cells, tissues, shoot tips, roots, anthers, embryos, flowers and meristems in a laboratory medium

Culture medium

(PAES 416:2002) any nutrient material prepared for the growth and cultivation plant tissue

Sterilization

(PAES 416:2002) process of making any material entirely free from living microorganism

Asepsis

(PAES 416:2002) condition that describes the freedom of plant materials, culture medium, confines of the culture vessel from contaminating microorganisms

incubation

(PAES 416:2002) subjecting of cultures to conditions favorable to the growth of the plant tissue

Laminar flow

(PAES 416:2002) flow air currents in which air currents do not intermingle

Lairage

(PAES 410:2000) any premise or yard used for the confinement of animals awaiting to be slaughtered which include unloading ramp, pens and detention pens

Small animals

(PAES 410:2000) refers to sheep, goat, and deer

Large animals

(PAES 410:2000) refers to cattle and carabao

Detention pen

(PAES 410:2000) separate compartment in the lairage used to confine sick or suspected animals

Loose type

(PAES 410:2000) animals are free to move in a pen while awaiting to be slaughtered

Tie-up type

(PAES 410:2000) pugnacious animals are tied within the pen while awaiting to be slaughtered

feedlot

(PAES 408:2001) area with its physical facilities used for carabao fattening

Carabao

(PAES 408:2001) Philippine water buffalo or swamp buffalo

bull

(PAES 405:2001) breeding male cattle of any age

calf

(PAES 405:2001) young male or female cattle under one year of age

cow

(PAES 405:2001) mature female that has already calved

heifer

(PAES 405:2001) female cattle between two to three years of age which has not given birth

corral

(PAES 406:2001) enclosure for confining and handling livestock

Holding pen

(PAES 406:2001) pen for confining animals from the pasture

Crowding pen

(PAES 406:2001) pen used to funnel cattle into the working chute

Working chute

(PAES 406:2001) chute leading the cattle from the crowding pen to the holding chute/squeeze

Holding chute

(PAES 406:2001) use to restrain animals

Loading chute

(PAES 406:2001) chute used to load cattle from working chute or crowding pen to a vehicle

Loose housing

(PAES 407:2001) animals are free to move between resting, feeding and watering areas

yearling

(PAES 407:2001) one to two year old cattle of either sex

Parturition

(PAES 407:2001) act of giving birth

buck

(PAES 404:2001) mature male goat

doe

(PAES 404:2001) mature female goat that has kidded

Dry doe

(PAES 404:2001) doe without milk

kid

(PAES 404:2001) young goat under six months old of either sex

ewe

(PAES 404:2001) mature female sheep that has already lambed

lamb

(PAES 404:2001) sheep under six months of age

ram

(PAES 404:2001) mature male sheep

litter

(PAES 403:2001) material used as bedding for animals

Litter type

(PAES 403:2001) type of flooring utilizing the most commonly available materials such as rice hull and rice straw and wood shavings over the cemented floor