Diagnostics: 4) Ch 14 - Assessment of Adult Language

acquired neurogenic disorders

Aphasia, right hemisphere damage, TBI, dementia

cerebral cortex

-Right and left hemispheres

-Four lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital

brainstem

Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain

Parts of the brain

Cerebellum○

Basal ganglia○

Thalamus○

Hypothalamus○

Amygdala○

Hippocampus○

Corpus callosum

Outcome and assessment information set (OASIS)

Data collection tool used in home health settings

Minimum Data Set MDS

Used in long-term care settings

Functional Independence Measure FIM

-Used in long-term care facilities and inpatient rehab facilities internationally

-Measures independence for carrying out basic activities of daily living

Aphasia

language disorder that affects how you communicate. It is caused by damage to the language centers of the brain, usually in the left side of the brain, that control understanding, speaking, and using signed languages

Characteritics of aphasia

Impaired auditory comprehension/verbal expression○

Presence of paraphasias○

Perseveration○

Grammatical errors○

Nonfluent speech○

Impaired prosodic features of speech○

Difficulty repeating words, phrases, sentences○

Problems with naming and word finding○

Impaired reading/writing ability○

Pragmatic deficits/ Difficulty using/understanding gestures○ Unequal impairment between languages in multilingual clients

Fluent Aphasia

-Intact, fluent speech

-Speech nonsensical

Lesions- posterior

Examples = Wernicke's, Conduction, Transcortical sensory, Anomic

Nonfluent aphasia

-effortful speech

-choppy speech

-lesions: anterios

-examples = broca's, transcoritcal motor, isolation, global

Areas to assess for aphasia

Naming, auditory comprehension, repetitions, reading,writing

Assessment of right hemisphere disorder

-Results from lesion in right hemisphere of the brain

-Left hemisphere- basic language functions: phonology ,syntax, semantics•

-Right Hemisphere- complex linguistic processing, nonverbal skills, emotional aspects of communication•

-Both hemispheres are important for functional communication

impairments that are characteristic of RHD

Attention deficits

-Perceptual deficits

-Log and problem-solving deficits

-Memory deficits

-Pragmatic deficits

-Organizational deficits

-Orientation deficits

-Prosodic deficits

-Language deficits

-Reading and writing deficits

-Personal insight deficits

Common symptoms of TBI

-Attention deficits

-Impaired memory/language

-Disorientation

-Poor organization, judgement, reasoning

-Reduced ability to write/draw

-Anomia

-Restlessness and irritability

-Distractibility

-High frustration

-Aggressive behavior

-Inconsistent responses

-Disorders of smell/taste

-Denial of disability

-Poor self-care

Behaviors of TBI depend on

-Type of injury

-Severity

-Cerebral systems involved

-Additional neurological variables

-Age

-Pre-trauma status

unconciousness

Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS); The Rancho levels of Cognitive functioning

TBI assessment focuses on

Visuospatial , visuomotor

-General emotional functioning

-Chewing and swallowing skills

-Pragmatic skills

-Speech skills

-Language abilities

-Cognitive - memory, processing, reasoning , problem solving

-ADLS

dementia

Deterioration of functional cognition in areas of language,judgment, abstract thinking, executive functioning and/ ormemory

commondiseases/condition sassociated with progressive dementia

-Alzheimer's disease

-Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

-Frontotemporal dementia

-Huntington's disease

-Lewy body disease

-Mixed dementia

-Parkinson's disease dementia

-Posterior cortical atrophy

-Vascular dementia (multi-infarct)

Characteristics to assess in adult assessments

naming, auditory comprehension, repetition, attention, problem solving, sequencing, reasoning, memory , reading, writing

***ALL aspects of language