Basic Principles in Community Based Practice

Flashcards covering basic principles in community-based practice for OTCM 2154.

OT in the Community

Expanding community-based occupational therapy services and population-based interventions could make occupational therapy more visible, thereby enhancing understanding and recognition of the profession.

Health (WHO definition)

A state of complete physical, social, and mental well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Community Definition

A group of people living in a particular local area with its own norms and resource regulation.

Alternative Community Definition

A social unit in which there is a transaction of common life among the people making up the unit.

Community-Based Practice

Health-related services provided in community settings, including prevention, health promotion, and rehabilitation.

Community Based Rehabilitation (CBR)

A strategy for enhancing the quality of life of disabled people through service delivery and equitable opportunities within the community.

Community Health Promotion

Organized community effort involving educational and social supports to improve the health of a geographically defined area.

Community-Centered Interventions

Interventions that promote community participation, information exchange, and autonomy, often generated by community leaders and members.

Community-Based Practice (Wittman and Velde definition)

Skilled services delivered by health practitioners using an interactive model with clients in specific locations.

Community-Built Practice

Collaboration with a strength-based approach, ending when the community has built the capacity for empowerment.

Paradigm Shifts in Occupational Therapy

Moral treatment, the paradigm of occupation, the mechanistic paradigm and the emerging paradigm.

The Emerging paradigm - Systems theory

Occupational performance results from the dynamic interaction between the person, the environmental context, and the occupations in which the person engages.

Community Practice Paradigm

In the transition from a medical model paradigm to community practice, professionals need to relinquish responsibility, power, and control to the recipient of services, client, or community member.

Contrasting Paradigms of Community Practice

Community member is responsible, Community member has power and the Community member makes decisions.

Client-Centered

promote participation, exchange of information, client decision making, and respect for choice.

Occupation-Based

select and design activities that have specific relevance or meaning to the client

Based on Dynamic Systems Theory

all variables are interrelated and a change in one variable impacts all other variables that are part of the system.

Ecologically Sound

consider both the client’s capabilities and constraints and the environmental enablers and barriers.

Strengths-Based

what the client can do— not simply the client’s deficits

Model of Human Occupation

Describes how humans generate and modify their occupations in interaction with their environment.

Ecology of Human Performance

A human’s skills and abilities, in combination with a perception of his or her context, support the selection and performance of specific tasks.

Person-Environment-Occupation Model

Emphasizes occupational performance shaped by the interaction between person, environment, and occupation.

Social Cognitive Theory

Describes the influence of individual experiences, the actions of others, and environmental factors on individual health behaviors.

Health Belief Model

Describes the relationships between a person’s beliefs about health and his or her health-specific behaviors.

PRECEDE-PROCEED Planning Model

Comprehensive structure for assessing health needs and designing, implementing, and evaluating health promotion programs.

Community Health Advocate Role

Provide information and expert advice regarding program development and evaluation.

Case Manager Role

Ensure access to community services and resources and assist in developing independent living skills.

Program Managers Role

Responsible for the overall design, development, function, and evaluation of a program.