Cell Organelles Flashcards 1

Vocabulary flashcards based on lecture notes about cell organelles and structures.

Cell Wall

Surrounds, protects, and supports the plant cell membrane; keeps the rectangular shape of the plant cell.

Cell Membrane

Separates the cell from its external environment and controls what enters and exits the cell.

Nucleus

Controls the activities of the cell and contains the cell's genetic information (DNA).

Nuclear Pores

Allows molecular material to pass freely between the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.

Nucleolus

Place where ribosomes are assembled; dark structure within the nucleus.

Chromatin

Mass of very thin, tangled fibers containing DNA; genetic information of the cell.

Chromosomes

Condensed chromatin that coils up and becomes visible during cell division; contains genetic information that controls the cell's activities.

Cytoplasm

Located outside of the nucleus; contains all other organelles and cytosol (fluid material).

Vacuole

Fluid-filled organelle surrounded by a single membrane; used to store or transport small molecules and helps maintain turgor pressure in plant cells.

Mitochondrion

Extracts energy from food and incorporates it into ATP to be used when needed.

Ribosomes

Help to produce proteins, which make up much of a cell's structure and are required for activities necessary for cell survival.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Transport system allowing chemicals to move from one place to another; Rough ER is covered with ribosomes and helps with protein production.