Population and Migration Patterns and Processes

These flashcards cover key concepts and facts related to population and migration patterns and processes as outlined in the lecture notes.

What is population distribution?

The pattern of people scattered over an area.

Define population density.

The number of people within a given area.

What is the estimated current world population according to the World Bank?

Approximately 7 billion.

Which two countries together comprise about 1/3 of the global population?

China (1.3 billion) and India (1.2 billion).

Name three major population concentrations.

East Asia, Northeast America, South Asia, and Western Europe.

What percentage of the world's population lives within 60 miles of the ocean?

60%.

Which factors influence population distribution?

Human factors (culture, economics, history, politics) and physical factors (climate, landforms, water bodies).

What does ecumene refer to?

The habitable parts of the world.

What is arithmetic population density?

The number of people within a given area divided by the total land area.

How do high population areas tend to relate to soil fertility and climate?

They usually have high soil fertility and tend to have mild climates.

Define carrying capacity.

The number of people an area can sustain without critically straining its resources.

What does a population pyramid represent?

A visual representation of a population in terms of age and sex.

What are the birth and death rates in Stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model?

Birth rates are high and death rates are high, resulting in low population growth.

What is the total fertility rate (TFR)?

The average number of children a woman will have during her childbearing years (15-49).

What is infant mortality rate?

The number of deaths during the first year of life per 1,000 live births.

Explain the concept of migration.

It involves a degree of permanence when moving to a new locale.

What are push factors?

Characteristics that make a person want to leave a place.

Define forced migration.

An individual migrates against his/her will, including refugees, internally displaced persons, and asylum seekers.

What is the Ravenstein’s laws of migration?

Laws that outline patterns in migration, such as that every migration flow generates a return migration flow.

What are the economic consequences of an aging population?

Slower economic growth, fewer workers contributing to the tax base, and increased healthcare costs.

What happens during transnational migration?

Migration across national boundaries.

What does demographic transition model explain?

The relationship between population and the development of a country and population change over time.