Westward expansion

Manifest Destiny

The divine right America has to control all the land from the Atlantic to the Pacific

- This idea leads to America moving westward

- Us gained territory through: war purchase treaty.

Westward expansion

The settlement of ,and to the west.

-leads to civil war

Motives to move west

-New land

-new opportunities

Trailblazers

Pioneers moving west, mapping out land and leading the way to settle the frontier.

Homestead act

Government gave land to anyone willing to work the land for 5 years.

Seminol war

(Florida)

General Jackson defeats the seminol Native America and the spanish in Florida.

Adams-Onis Treaty 1819

Spain gives up Florida to the U.S

What did Mexico allow American citizens to do in Texas?

Mexico allowed American citizens into their territory.

What was one requirement Mexico imposed on American citizens in Texas?

American citizens must obey Mexican laws.

What was Mexico's stance on slavery in Texas?

Mexico prohibited slavery.

What did Americans do in defiance of Mexico's anti-slavery laws?

Americans brought slaves into Texas.

What significant event occurred when Mexico attacked the Alamo?

The Alamo was attacked by Mexican forces.

What action did the American government take regarding Texas after the Alamo?

The American government sent troops to Texas.

What year did Texas receive independence from Mexico?

Texas received independence in 1836.

Why did Texas not become a state between 1836 and 1845?

Texas did not become a state due to issues related to slavery.

Mexican American War (1846-1848)

-President Polk

-Cause of the war: Boundary dispute

-Mexico: the border between the U.S Mexico is at the Nueces River

U.S: The boarder between US and Mexico is at the Rio Grande.

What treaty ended the Mexican American War?

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

How much did the U.S. pay Mexico for the territory in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

$5 million

What is the territory acquired by the U.S. from Mexico called?

Mexican Cession

What was the U.S./Mexico border set at in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Rio Grande

What debt did Mexico not have to pay back to the U.S. after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

$3.2 million

Oregon Dispute

-The U.S wanted the border for Oregon to be 54°/40°.

-Britain wanted the border at the 49th parallel line.

treaty of 1846

Oregon country at the 49th parallel line

Gadsden Purchase

-1854

-Purchase land from Mexico $10 million

Sectionalism

-1800s America began to divide itself with regions based on location, economy and resources

-Support and provide for a section region of a country rather than the country as a whole.

Northwest

-Agriculture

-Labor intensive

-Transported their goods throughout the U.S

Northeast

-Manufacturing

-Merchants/banks

The North

-highest population

-Railroads

-Workers were women, immigrants, and children

The South

-Relied on the north for manufactured goods

No railroads

No factories

No cities

No banks

Underlying Cause

1) Slavery -> expansion into new territory

2) Tariffs -> south opposed tariffs and the northern merchants favored the tariffs.

3) State rights -> Federalism -> the southern states argued that the federal government had no authority over issuing tariffs or slavery as per constitution.

1. Missouri compromise 1820

-Cause of the civil war

-Missouri compromise line

36° 30° (↑, free state), (↓ slave state)

What was the Compromise of 1850?

A series of laws aimed at resolving tensions between slave and free states.

What was one outcome of the Compromise of 1850 regarding California?

California entered the Union as a free state.

How was slavery determined in the Mexican Cession Territory according to the Compromise of 1850?

Slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty.

What did the Compromise of 1850 do regarding the slave trade in Washington D.C.?

It banned the slave trade in Washington D.C.

What was a significant consequence of the Compromise of 1850?

It contributed to the causes of the Civil War.

Fugitive Slave Act

-All fugitive slaves must be returned or those helping them will be jailed.

-For every fugitive returned $5 per fugitive will be awarded.

Uncle Tom's Cabin

-Cause of the civil war

-Novel about the horrors of slavery by Harriet Beecher Stowe

-North was outraged and used this to fight slavery

Kanas-Nebraska Act (1854)

Steven Douglas

-Kansas and Nebraska will determine slavery through popular sovereignty (voting)

Dred Scott Decision 1857

The 1857 Dred Scott v. Sandford Supreme Court decision denied enslaved African American Dred Scott his freedom, ruled that Black people were not and could never be U.S. citizens, and declared the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, effectively stating Congress couldn't ban slavery in territories

Dred Scott vs Sandford 1857

The supreme court ruled that African Americans were not citizens and could not sue

-slaves were property

Rise of the republican party

former: whig part

prevent the expansion of slavery

-build a continental railroad

-create tariff

1858 Lincoln-Douglas Debates

-Lincoln gives "House divided Speech"

-"A house divided cannot stand we are either going to be all slaves or all free, this is the only way the union is going to survive."

election of 1860

Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union.