Module 4: Processional Landscapes of New Kingdom Egypt

Amun-Ra

The most important god in the Egyptian pantheon during the new kingdom

Hypostyle Hall

A hall or large space, for which the roof is supported by rows of columns

Colonnade

A row of columns carrying an entablature or arches

Pylon

In Ancient Egypt architecture, any high isolates structure used decoratively or to mark a boundary

Obelisk

A tall tapering shaft of stone ending pyramidally

Mortuary Temple of Mentuhotep

Egypt

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut

Karnak Temple

Luxor Temple

Mentuhotep II

Middle Kingdom Pharaoh

Hatshepsut

New Kingdom pharaoh

Ramesses II

New Kingdom Pharaoh

Egyptian history is typically divided into three periods. What are they

Old kingdom

What is significant about the columns in the hypostyle hall at the mortuary complex of Mentuhotep?

The columns are freestanding

Where are the bodies of Mentuhotep and Hatshepsut laid to rest?

Concealed tombs in the Valley of the Kings

What does the Nile River symbolize in the context of Egyptian mortuary architecture?

The boundary between the world of the living and the dead

Why are many of the statues of Hatshepsut kneeling?

She’s portrayed making an offering to Amun

Identify the main elements of the Hatshepsut’s mortuary complex?

Colonnades screening walls with carved reliefs

What do the reliefs (carvings) on the walls behind the terraced colonnades at Hatshepsut’s mortuary complex depicit?

Trade during her reign

What role did pylons play in the architectural layout of the Karnak and Luxor temples?

The marked transitions into increasingly sacred spaces

Which pharaoh added the obelisk and statues at the entrance of the Luxor temple?

Ramesses II

How did the design of the Temple of Luxor reflect New Kingdom architectural principles?

By arranging spaces along a longitudinal axis toward an inner sanctum