Special Senses - Ear

area of ear for hearing and balance

inner ear

Transmits sound waves to eardrum

External acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

Boundary between external and middle ears

Tympanic membrane

tympanic membrane is a type of _____ tissue membrane that vibrates in response to sound

connective

bones of the auditory ossicles

malleus (hammer), incus (anvil), stapes (stirrup)

ossicles are suspended by

ligaments and joined by synovial joints

connects middle ear to nasopharynx (throat)

Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

function of Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube

equalize pressure in middle ear with external air

The ossicles transfer sound vibrations between the _______ and _______.

eardrum; oval window

middle ear infection

otitis media

two major division of the internal ear

bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth

3 regions of bony labyrinth

vestibule, semicircular canal, cochlea

bony labyrinth is filled with

perilymph (similar to CSF)

membranous labyrinth is filled with

endolymph

membranous sacs of the vestibule respond to _______ and changes in _______

gravity; position of head

semicircular canals have receptors that respond to _________movements of the __________.

rotational; head

function of vestibule and semicircular canal in ear

equilibrium

fluid filled cochlear duct

spinal organ (organ of Corti)

spinal organ has _____ that act as hearing receptors

hair cells

branch of the _______________ runs from the spiral organ to brain to process sound

CN 8 (vestibularcochlear)

diease with rining or clicking sounds in ear without auditory stimuli

tinnitus

cause of tinnitus

cochlear nerve degeneration, inflammation of middle or internal ears, side effects of drugs

labyrinth disorder that affects cochlea and semicircular

canals

Ménière's syndrome

symptoms of Ménière's syndrome

vertigo, nausea, vomitting

the hearing receptors are located in the _______

internal ear

The pharyngotympanic tube connects the throat with which part of the ear?

middle ear

Sound is transmitted from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear by the _____________.

osscicles

(malleus, incas, stapes)