QUIZ #1 MODULE 1-2: Introduction to Gen-bio and Chemical basis of life

Biology

• it is the scientific study of life

• A body of knowledge and process

• Every assertion about the natural world is based on evidence

Evidence

Every assertion about the natural world is based on _________

Hypothetico-Deductive Method

A fundamental approach in the scientific method used to test hypthesis through observation and experimentation

2 types of test

• Treatment Group

• Controlled Group

Treatment Group

The groups that receives the intervention or experimental treatment being tested

Controlled Group

The group that does not receive the test

Scientific Theory

• Explain why it happens

• A hypothesis that has not been disproven after years of testing

• Well-Substained explanation of some aspect of the natural world that is based on a large body of evidence

Law of Nature

• Describes what happens

• generalization that describes universal phenomenon

• It tells us what happens under certain conditions, often expressed in mathematical form.

Cellular Organization

How living things are built from cells'

Evolution

A process of change that transfers life; often lead to adaptation

1. Observation

2. Question

3. Hypothesis

4. Prediction

5. Test Experiment

What is the flow of the Hypothetico-Deductive Method

Cells

Tiny building blocks of life

Tissues

Group of cells that work together

Organs

Tissues joined together to do a job

Organ system

Organs that team up to keep you alive

Organism

The whole living thing

1. Cells

2. Tissues

3. Organs

4. Organ System

5. Organism

Flow of the cellular organization

1. Biosphere

2. Ecosystem

3. Community

4. Population

Flow of the Organisms

Population

Group of organisms

Community

Group of population

Ecosystems

Group of communities

Abiotic Factors

Biotic Factors

2 types of Ecosystems

Homeostasis

• regulation of internal steady conditions

• keeping your body in a ‘‘just right’’ condition

Dilation

blood vessels open up or gets wider

Constriction

Blood vessels gets tighter

Growth

• increasing size

• An increase in size or number of cells

Development

• Increasing compexity

• Being more complex or going through different stages of life

External stimuli

• Comes from outside the body

• Noise, Temp, Light, touch

Internal stimuli

• Comes from inside the body

• Hunger, pain, fever

Sensory input via nervous system

It has 2 types of stimuli internal and external

Amygdala

part of the brain that helps you process emotions

Hypothalamus

• Brains control center

• Homeostasis/hormone

Impulse

How your body sends signals from one part to another

1. Sensory input Via nervous system

2. sense organ

3. Impulse

4. Control nervous system

Process of Irritability and responsiveness

Reproduction

making new life, how living things have baies, or make more of themselves

Asexual reproduction

• one parent makes a copy of itself

• without the involvement of gametes

Photosynthesis

plants make their own food by using sunlight

Sexual reproduction

• Two parents creates new life that is a mix of both

• Involves Gametes

Evolutionary Adaptation

A process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment over generations through natural selections

Metabolism

• Total process in the body

Anabolism

Building up energy

Catabolism

Breaking down of energy

• Bacteria

• Archaea

• Eukarya

What are the 3 domains of life

1. Domain

2. kingdoms

3. phylum

4. class

5. order'

6. family

7. genus

8. species

State the ‘‘CLASS’’ of life diversity

Bacteria

• prokaryotic

• unicellular and microscopic

• reproduces asexually

Prokaryotic

Does not have a nucleus or ther membrane-bound organelle.

Archaea

• Prokaryotic

• Often found in extreme environments

• Cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan

Eukarya

• Eukaryotic

• cells that have nucleus and membrane-bound organelle

• Protista

• Fungi

• Plantae

• Animalia

Major kingdoms in Eukarya

Protista

• Single-celled organisms (Amoeba and Algae)

Fungi

yeast, molds, and mushrooms

Plantae

Plants; photosynthesis

Animalia

Sponges to humans

Evolution by means of natural selection

Is the process by which species change overtime because individuals with traits help them survive and reproduce

Natural Selection

Mechanism of evolution first described by Charles Darwin

It explains how the populatopm adapt and evolve overtime

Alfred Wallace

• He realized that species change overtime through a process called natural selections

Zoology

Botany

Anatomy

• study of animals

• Study of plants

• study of body parts

Taxonomy

Cytology

Systematic

• study of classification

• Study of cells

• Evolutionary relationships

Malcology

Physiology

Ecology

• Study of molluses

• study of body functions

• study of relationship of organisms

phycology

horticulture

palynology

ethnobotany

• Study of Algae

• Study of ornamental plants

• study of pollens and spores

• use of plants by indigenous people