singapore sec 1 g3 history chapter 3 to 5

revise for history WA

What was Singapore known as in the 14th century?

Temasek

Who was the founder of Singapura according to the Sejarah Melayu?

Sang Nila Utama.

Why was Temasek a good trading location?

Strategic position along trade routes, deep harbour, monsoon winds helped traders.

Which major trading powers were connected to Temasek?

China, India, Srivijaya, Majapahit, Siam.

What archaeological evidence shows Temasek was a trading port?

Chinese porcelain, glass beads, bronze coins, Indian pottery.

Why did Temasek decline?

Attacks from Majapahit and Siam, changing trade routes, rise of Malacca.

Who established modern Singapore in 1819?

Sir Stamford Raffles.

Why did the British want a new port in Southeast Asia?

To break Dutch monopoly, protect trade, secure a stopping point between India and China.

Why was Singapore chosen as a site?

Strategic location, natural harbour, fresh water, unoccupied by major power.

Who signed the treaty with Raffles in 1819?

Sultan Hussein and Temenggong Abdul Rahman.

What did the 1819 treaty allow?

British could set up a trading post in Singapore.

Who was William Farquhar?

First Resident of Singapore, managed day-to-day administration.

What policy made Singapore attractive to traders?

Free port policy (no taxes on trade).

Which communities came to Singapore to trade and work?

Chinese, Malays, Indians, Arabs, Europeans, Bugis.

Why did Singapore’s population grow rapidly?

Freedom of trade, security under British, job opportunities

What was the role of the Chinese community?

Worked as traders, coolies, artisans; formed secret societies.

What was the role of the Indian community?

Sepoys (soldiers), clerks, traders, moneylenders.

What was the role of the Malay and Bugis community?

Farmers, fishermen, traders, middlemen in regional trade.

What challenges did early Singapore face?

Crime, overcrowding, poor sanitation, secret society violence.

What helped Singapore grow into a successful port?

Free trade, strategic location, British stability, diverse migrant communities.