Physical Layer

Twisted pair

What is the most common transmission medium for telephone systems?

Fiber optic

Which type of cable is used in modern high-speed broadband backbones due to its high bandwidth and low attenuation?

Radio waves

Which of the following is NOT a guided transmission medium?

Spread Spectrum

What wireless method is known for spreading signal over a large frequency band?

QAM

What modulation technique uses both amplitude and phase variations?

FHSS

Which spectrum technique randomly changes carrier frequencies?

Maximum data rate with noise

Shannon’s Theorem defines:

Line-of-sight required

What is a disadvantage of infrared transmission?

Switching cell coverage

In cellular networks, handoff refers to:

Cable internet

DOCSIS is associated with:

LEO

Which of the following satellite types has the lowest latency?

Share medium among multiple signals

What is the purpose of multiplexing?

Local loop

What part of the telephone network connects homes to the local exchange?
A. Backbone

4G

What generation introduced packet switching in mobile networks?

DOCSIS

What is the name of the specification for cable internet access?

Radio waves

Which type of wave is used in satellite communication?

MIMO

Which 5G technology uses multiple antennas to boost capacity?

Nyquist Theorem

The principle that defines the highest bit rate for a noiseless channel is:

HFC

Cable TV networks use which hybrid architecture?

CDMA

What method allows multiple users to share the same frequency but with different codes?

Bits

The physical layer transmits ___ across the communication medium.

is the part of the telephone network between the home and local exchange.