H&E Key Terms Ch 2

Facial

structure closest to facial surface

Labial

structure closest to lips

Buccal

structure closest to inner cheek

Palatal

structure closest to the palate

Oral mucosa

mucus membrane lining the oral cavity

Labial mucosa

lining of inner parts of lips

Buccal mucosa

mucosa that lines inner cheek

Vestibular fornix

deepest recess of each vestibule

Mucobuccal fold

fold within vestibule where labial or buccal mucosa meets alveolar mucosa

Alveolar mucosa

mucosa lining vestibules of oral cavity

Labial frenum, frena

fold of tissue or frenulum located at midline between labial mucosa

Buccal fat pad

dense pad of tissue in cheek covered by buccal mucosa

Mastication

chewing process

Parotid papilla

small elevation of tissue that marks opening of parotid located opposite maxillary second molar on inner cheek

Parotid duct

duct associated with parotid

Fordyce spots

small yellowish bumps of sebaceous glands on oral mucosa

Linea alba

white ridge of keratinized epithelium on buccal mucosa at level where teeth occlude

Body of maxilla

horizontal part of upper jaw superior to teeth

Maxillary sinus

paranasal sinus within maxilla

Body of mandible

horizontal part of lower jaw inferior to teeth

Alveolar process (of maxilla or mandible)

part of maxilla or mandible containing roots of teeth

Alveolus/alveoli

tooth socket in alveolar process surrounding tooth root

Periodontal ligament (PDL)

surrounding teeth to support and attach to alveoli bony surface

Crown

part of tooth composed of dentin and pup covered by enamel

Roots

composed of dentin covered by cementum and within the alveolus of bone

Cementoenamel junction (CEJ)

where crown enamel and root cementum closest; also know as neck of tooth

Enamel

hard outer layer of tooth crown

Dentin

hard inner layer of tooth crown overlying pulp

Pulp

soft innermost connective tissue in both crown and root

Cementum

outermost layer of root of tooth

Cervix

neck of tooth

Root apex

root part farthest from crown

Coronal

structures related to tooth crown

Cervical

structures related to cervix (neck of tooth)

Apical

structure related to root apex

Dental arch

alveolar process or tooth

Maxillary arch

upper dental arch with maxillary teeth

Mandibular arch

lower dental arch(es) with mandibular teeth or first pharyngeal/branchial arch(es) in embryo

Maxillary teeth

teeth within maxillae

Mandibular teeth

teeth within mandible

Primary teeth

first teeth present or deciduous, AKA primary dentition

Incisors

anteriors first and second from midline consisting of both centrals and laterals

Canines

anteriors as third teeth from midline in each quadrant

Premolars

posteriors fourth and fifth from midline in permanent dentition including first and seconds, respectively

Molars

most distal of posteriors including firsts, seconds, thirds

Permanent teeth

only permanent teeth present, AKA permanent dentition

Anterior teeth

incisors and canines at front of oral cavity

Posterior teeth

premolars (if present) and molars in back of mouth

Maxillary tuberosity

elevation on posterior aspect of each maxilla

Retromolar pad

Dense pad of tissue distal to most distal tooth of mandible and covering retromolar triangle

Exostoses

small localized bone growths on facial surface of alveolar process of maxilla

Mandibular torus

bone growth(s) on lingual aspect of mandibular arch

Gingiva

mucosa(e) surrounding maxillary and mandibular teeth

Attached gingiva

gingiva tightly adhering to bone over roots of teeth

Mucogingival junction

border between alveolar mucosa dan attached gingiva

Marginal gingiva

nonattached gingiva at gingival margin of each tooth

Gingival sulcus

space facing sulcular gingiva

Interdental papilla

extension of interdental gingiva between adjacent teeth

Mucogingival junction

border between alveolar mucosa dan attached gingiva

Free gingival groove

groove separating attached gingiva from marginal gingiva

Free gingival crest

most coronal part of marginal gingiva

Gingival sulcus

space facing sulcular gingiva

Fauces

junction between oral region and oropharynx

Anterior faucial pillar

vertical fold anterior to each palatine tonsil by the palatoglossal muscle

Posterior faucial pillar

vertical fold posterior to palatine tonsil by palatopharyngeus muscle

Palatine tonsils

tonsils between anterior and posterior faucial pillars

Palate

roof of mouth

Hard palate

anterior part of palate formed by palatine processes of maxillae and posterior part by horizontal plates of palatine bones

Soft palate

posterior non bony part of palate

Incisive papilla

bulge of tissue on anterior hard palate over incisive foramen

Palatine rugae

irregular ridges of tissue surrounding incisive papilla on hard palate

Uvula of the palate

midline muscular structure hanging from posterior margin of soft palate

Median palatine raphe

midline tedious band on palate superficial to medial palatine suture

Pterygomandibular fold

fold of tissue in oral cavity superficial to pterygomandibular raphe

Palatal torus

bone growth on midline of hard palate

Dorsal surface of tongue

top surface of tongue

Tongue

a prominent feature of the oral region

Base of tongue

posterior one third, or root, of tongue

Body of tongue

anterior two thirds of tongue

Median lingual sulcus

midline depression on dorsal surface of tongue corresponding to deeper median septum

Apex of tongue

tip of tongue

Sulcus terminalis

V

Foramen cecum

depression on dorsal surface of tongue with sulcus terminals pointing backward toward pharynx

Lingual tonsil

indistinct lymphoid tissue located on dorsal surface at tongue’s base

Ventral surface of tongue

underside of the tongue

Plica fimbriata/e

fold(s) with fringe like projections on ventral surface of tongue

Lingual papillae

small elevated structures covering dorsal surface of body of the tongue

Lateral surface of the tongue

side of tongue

Filiform lingual papillae

papillae giving tongues its velvety texture, various shades of red

Fungiform lingual papillae

smaller papillae with mushroom

Circumvallate lingual papillae

larger mushroom

Floor of mouth

a mucosal covered space that extends from the lingual surface of the mandibular alveolar process inferiorly to the ventral surface of the tongue

Lingual frenum

midline fold of tissue between ventral surface of tongue and floor of mouth

Sublingual fold

fold of tissue on each side of floor of mouth with smaller ducts of sublingual gland open into oral cavity

Sublingual caruncle

papilla near midline of floor of mouth where sublingual and submandibular ducts open into oral cavity

Pharynx

part of both respiratory and digestive tracts divided into nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx

Laryngopharynx

inferior part of pharynx close to laryngeal opening

Nasopharynx

part of pharynx superior to level of soft palate

Oropharynx

part of pharynx between soft palate and opening of larynx

Epiglottis

flap of cartilage folding back to cover entrance to larynx during swallowing