Change in Long-term factors influencing voter behaviour

Class

no longer as clear cut as before with many feeling left behind by their parties

Still economic factors

Age

older population making up more of the demographic than before and younger voters less likely to vote

Gender

Not much of an impact modern day, men lean towards Reform and women slightly to conservatives

Ethnicity

65% of BME people voting Labour in 2015 despite labour loss.

Damage to Labour support in recent times due to conflict in Israel and Gaza particularly Muslim faith decreased BME support to 46%

Allowing a number of independents mainly in high BME population areas

modern participation

younger generations more likely to not to vote

but protests and online petitions have increased

Marcus Rashford open letter to MPs over school meals

widespread mistrust of politicians across an array of classifications