7.4 - anatomy - femal rep. system

Ovaries - produce

Female reproductive cells (ova)

estrogen and progesterone

Female reproductive cells - waht are they called

Ova

Uterus - name for normal positioning

anteflexion

uterus - divisions

body - larger upper portion

fundus - top of the body

cervix - ingerior portion (connects with the vagina)

walls of the uterus - layers

endometrium - innermost layer

myometrium - muscular middle layer

perimetrium - outer layer

fallopian tubes - 2 other names

uterine tubes

oviducts

infundibulum

the ovarian end of the falopian tubel

ostium

opening in the infundibulum (the end of the ovarian tube

fibriae

finger-like structures around the ostium

ampulla

middle section of the tube

isthmus

part of the tube that atteches to the uterus

fertilization - wehre does it occur

fallopian tubes

vulva

external female genitalia

Ova - follow step by step from formation to birth

1. created in the ovaries

2. propelled through the ostium by the fibrae presumably

3. goes through the ampulla

4. through the isthmus

5. into the uterus

6. through the cervix

7. into the vagina

8. though the vulva and out the body

Vulva - parts

1. mons pubis

2. labia majora

3. labia minora

4. vestibule

5. clitoris

mons pubis

triangular-shaped pad of fatty tissue covered with pubic hair

vestibule

opening to the vagina that also contains the opening of the urethra and the excretory ducts of the bartholin glands

Areola - contains what parts

nipple

lactiferous (AKA mammary) glands

Breasts - what hormone stimulates lactation

prolactin

Breasts - what body part produces the hormone to stimulate lactation

the pituitary gland produces prolactin

Breasts - what is the milk called immediately after childbirth

colostrum

Breasts - how long does the mother produce the immature type breast milk

2-3 days

Breasts - How long can babies survive exclusively on breast milk

6 months

Mestration - what is the goal of the menstral cycle

to produce an ovum that can be fertilized

menstration - name the first menstral cycle

menarche

menstration - how long is the typical menstral cycle

21-35 days

menstration - what age do women enter menopause

40-50s

menstration - what are the phases

1. follicular phase (day 1-5)

2. ovulatory phase

3. luteal phase (AKA secretory phase)

menstration - what happens during the follicular phase

endometrium sheds through a bloody discharge

menstration - what happens during the ovulatory phase

an increase in estrogen, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone
estrogen stimulates the endometrium to thicken and vascularize again and FSH and LH stimulate the ovaries to produce a follicle that ruptures on the cortex, or surface of the ovary to release an ovum and then producce progesterone for the third phase of the menstral cycle

Menstration - what happens during the luteal phase

the ruptured follicle (corpus luteum) produces progesterone which thickens the mucus produced by the cervix to make it difficult for sperm or bacteria to enter the vagina. Estrogen continues to thicken the endometrium

if the ovum is not fertilizeed, the corpus luteum dissolves.

Pregnancy - what are the three stages of human development

pre-embryonic stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage

pregnancy - how long does each stage of human development (in utero) last

pre-embryonic stage - 14 days

embryonic stage - 3-9 weeks

fetal stage - everything after 9 weeks

pregnancy - which stage is responsible for major organ formation

embryonic stage

At what point does the embryo transition to a fetus

9 weeks ish

pregnancy - fundal height

distance in centimeters from the pubic symphysis to the fundus (top of the uterus)

pregnancy - signs of impending labor

braxton hicks contractions

lightening

bloody show of mucus

rupture of membranes

increased vaginal discharge

pregnancy - braxton hicks contractions

irregular painless contractoins that start in the second trimester

pregnancy - lightening

the baby descends into the pelvis

Pregnancy - stages of active labr

dilation stage

expulsion

placental stage

pregnancy - dilation stage

the cervix thins and dilates to allow the baby to pas through

expulsion

the cervix is fully dilated to the actual delivery of the baby

placental stage

delivery of the placenta