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What receptors does Alcohol activate?
GABA - Dopamine - Serotonin
in the CNS
What receptors does alcohol inhibit?
glutamate receptors
What do symptoms depend on?
The blood alcohol levels & alcohol tolerance.
Symptoms and signs of alcohol withdrawl:
Insomnia
Anorexia
Hand tremor
Irritabiity
Nausea, vomiting
Anxiety
Autonomic hyperactivity( diaphoresis, tachycardia, Hypertension)
Psychomotor agitation.
Seizures( 12-48 hours) .
Delirium tremens
Treatment of Alcohol use disorder
1. Detoxification (detox) with benzodiazepines
regimen to manage alcohol withdrawal.
• 2.psychological methods.
• 3.Pharmacological methods:
-Disulfiram’ aversive method
’-Acomprosate’ anti craving’
-Naltrexone. ‘ anti craving
Wernicke –korsakofe syndrome
Caused by neuronal degeneration secondary to thiamin deficiency
Clinical features of Wernicke –korsakofe syndrome
• Acute confusional state
• Ocular signs (ophthalmopligia , nistagmus)
• Ataxic gait